The Islamic Political System: A Solution to the Modern Political Issues in the light of Tafsīr Sirāṭ-al-Jinān

As Islam gives a complete code of life, and it has a permanent political system. Rather to this, just as it has given rules and regulations in other spheres of life. It has also given unchangeable laws regarding politics. But Islam did not present a detailed structure of the government but left it to the Islamic Jurists to elaborate the principles regarding the Islamic political system. No corner of life is outside the limits of Islamic teachings. The Prophet (ﷺ) has provided guidance for every aspect of life through his words and deeds which should be kept in our mind is the guarantee of success and prosperity of religion and the world. In this article we will brief the Islamic political system and solution of modern political issues through the interpretation of the Qur’ānic verses in the light of Tafsīr Sirāṭ-al-Jinān by Muftī Muḥammad Qāsim Qādrī. Keywords: Islamic Political System Modern Political Issues, Tafsīr Ṣirāt-al-Jinān, Muftī Muḥammad Qāsim Qādrī, Shari'ah

Reducing Attitudes of Prejudice and Discrimination Through Literature in Personal Social Health Education Pshe Classes: A Quasi-Experiment on the Upper Key-Stage 2 Students of the British Schools in Karachi, Pakistan

This study aims to explore the efficacy of teaching concepts of peace education with the literature on Anne Frank to reduce children’s attitudes of prejudice and discrimination in specific dimensions including: ethnicity & race, religion and gender. Quasi-experiment was employed with pre-post control design. The sample comprised 100 students of the Upper Key-Stage 2 (UKS2) level, recruited from the two British schools in Karachi. These schools represented Experiment Group (EG) and the matched Comparison Group (CG). A research instrument titled “Muggles world of differences” (MWD) was developed and validated. It was in a form of test with different questions aiming to measure prejudice and discrimination. It was administered on CG and EG, both before and after intervention. The intervention plan “Reading of Young Anne’s Literature” (ROYAL) was developed based on selected readings from the Anne Frank literature (AFL). Altogether, 15 lessons were taught to EG as part of “Personal Social Health Education” (PSHE), whereas CG studied the similar concepts using standard method for the same time duration.Results of pre-test revealed high level of prejudice and discrimination in both EG and CG with no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the overall scores as well as the specific content domains. However, the post-test of the two groups revealed that the students in the EG had outperformed their CG counterparts in overall MWD scores as well as specific content domains. The difference was found to be significant (p < 0.05) with the large effect size (r = -0.63). Results support the efficacy of teaching Anne Frank literature in reducing the attitudes of prejudice and discrimination. The results of the study are generalizable to the seven British Schools in Karachi. However, insights could be gained for other school systems.