وہاں دشمن بھی ہوتے ہیں جہاں پر یار ہوتے ہیں
جہاں پہ پھول ہوتے ہیں ، وہیں پر خار ہوتے ہیں
پتہ اُن کا اگر چاہو مرے ہر زخم سے پوچھو
جدھر سے تیر آتا ہے وہیں سرکار ہوتے ہیں
مقدر میں جو سختی ہو تو ایسا ہو ہی جاتا ہے
وہی گھر لوٹ لیتے ہیں جو پہریدار ہوتے ہیں
میں افشا راز کر سکتا ہوں تیری بزم کے ظالم
کہ میں سب جانتا ہوں جو بھی کاروبار ہوتے ہیں
جہاں والوں کے دل میں ہم نے تائبؔ جی یہ دیکھا ہے
انھیں کی یاد ہوتی ہے جو باکردار ہوتے ہیں
Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death in developed and developing countries. Age is an important non-modifiable risk factor for acute myocardial infarction. Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore the relationship of advancing age with the risk of acute myocardial infarction. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 after getting approval from Institutional Review board of University of Health Sciences, Lahore. Written informed consent and thorough history was taken from the study participants. Group 1 included 45 AMI patients aged 20-60 years. Group 2 included 45 healthy individuals aged 20-60 years. Independent sample t test and chi-square tests were applied for analysis of data. Results: Mean age was significantly higher in AMI patients (50.52±7.31) as compared to healthy controls (30.67±7.20). The risk of AMI increases with advancing age (p<0.001, OR= 2.78). Conclusions: Advancing age is an important risk factor for acute myocardial infarction.
To investigate the effect of foliar application of Ca2+, K+ and H2O2 and subsequent water application on maize seedlings CV Azam, a pot experiment was arranged in completely randomized design at the Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar from 2012 to 2014. Drought stress was enforced by withholding water from half of the pots for 20 days after foliar supplementation of 5, 10, 15mM CaCl2, 25, 50 and 75mM KNO3, 1, 3 and 6mM H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) and distilled water. The results of this experiment revealed that foliar application of Ca2+, K+ and low concentration of H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) decreased the excised leaf water loss (ELWL), signifying better water relations and osmotic adjustment. Moreover, water deficit decreased fresh and dry biomass, shoot-root ratio, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, membrane stability, ascorbate content, catalase (Cat) activity, and protein content. Similarly, there was an increase in the H2O2 content, MDA (malondialdehyde) content, cell death, anthocyanin content, proline content, sugar content, thiol content, glutathione content and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. Foliar application of 10mM CaCl2 and 75mM KNO3 improved all these traits under drought stress. Senescence during drought was also delayed in the supplemented seedlings as highlighted by a high RWC, leaf area, chlorophyll content and high antioxidant enzymes activity. The Ca2+ and K+ concentration resulted in a decrease in H2O2 content, MDA content, percentage electrolyte leakage. The Ca2+, K+ and H2O2 induced calcium dependent protein kinase (ZmCDPK1, 2, 3, 11), ZmCat3 and ZmCSD1 expression under irrigated and drought stress conditions. The improved water relations and maintenance of growth in the supplemented seedlings established the potential of CaCl2 and KNO3 to improve crop performance under restricted water regimes without diminution of yield and ensure food production from arid and semi-arid lands. Transcripts abundance offers a base for further crop improvement and enhanced understanding of signal transduction in plants.