شیخ انس یٰسین
دوسرا حادثہ سعودی عرب کے سابق ہندوستانی سفیر شیخ انس یٰسین کی وفات کا ہے، ابھی وہ جوان تھے، لیکن تدبر و معاملہ فہمی میں تجربہ کار بوڑھوں سے کم نہ تھے، وہ مختلف اوقات میں مختلف ملکوں کی سفارت پر رہے، آج کل ٹرکی میں سفیر تھے، وہیں کار کے حادثہ میں وفات پائی، ان میں اپنے مذہب و ملت کا بڑا درد تھا، ہندوستان کے اسلامی اداروں سے ان کو خاص دلچسپی تھی، اپنی سفارت کے زمانہ میں متعدد اداروں کو دیکھا اور ان کی مدد بھی کی، دارالمصنفین کے بھی محسن تھے، یہاں آنے کا وعدہ بھی کیا تھا، مگر ایسے موقع پیش آتے رہے کہ آنا نہ ہوسکا، دو سال ہوئے دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلماء کے مدرسہ ثانویہ کی عمارت کا سنگ بنیاد رکھنے کے لئے لکھنو آئے تھے تو ان سے ملاقات ہوئی تھی، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی،اگست ۱۹۷۴ء)
Long COVID or post-COVID problems are long-term effects of COVID-19 infection that certain people who have contracted the virus can experience. This may result in having persistent symptoms for 3 months or more, such as those who had tiredness, malaise, changed smell and taste, dyspnea, and cognitive deficits three or more months after their initial COVID-19 diagnosis. However, some people may still have inferior work performance and a lower quality of life due to the long COVID episodes. From October 2021 to April 2022, cross-sectional research was conducted in Karachi, utilizing an electronic questionnaire to record sociodemographic data, current comorbidities, and previous episodes of acute COVID-19, post-COVID symptoms, and job performance among COVID survivors. The study's findings revealed that more than 35% of individuals surveyed claimed to have had COVID symptoms for six weeks or more, with approximately 20% to 30% of those reporting frequent coughing and appetite loss. Planning prevention, rehabilitation, and clinical treatment need an awareness of long-term COVID and its related components in order to maximize recovery and long-term COVID-19 outcomes. DOI: https: //doi. Org/10.59564/amrj/01.01/007
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a common bacterial infection in humans with early acquisition in childhood. It is adapted to the gastric environment and has been associated with chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcers, atrophic gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. H. pylori strains bearing the Cytotoxin Associated Gene-A (CagA) gene have enhanced pathogenicity and have been strongly linked with increased risk for gastric carcinoma in adulthood. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of CagA positive strains in children with H. pylori infection. The secondary objectives were to compare CagA status and endoscopy findings and to determine their correlation with Iron deficiency in children with H. pylori infection. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was carried out in 73 children under the age of 15 years who had undergone Upper Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and had H. pylori identified on histology. Consent was obtained from the caregivers before administering a questionnaire on bio data and clinical history. Blood samples were drawn and evaluated for anti- CagA IgG antibodies using ELISA to determine prevalence of CagA positive H. pylori infection. Endoscopy findings, iron status as determined by serum ferritin level, haemoglobin level, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) were compared with CagA status. Data Analysis: Data on age were summarized using median (IQR), categorical data were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Prevalence was determined as proportion with CagA positive H. pylori infection as numerator and all children with H. pylori infection as denominator. The association between CagA and demographic characteristics (gender and age-groups) were determined using Chi square test and logistic regression. Relationship between iron deficiency anaemia and endoscopy findings as exposure variables and CagA status as outcome was analysed. In view of the small sample size, exact logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding confidence interval. Precision was estimated using 95% confidence interval with p-values of ≤0.05 being considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were done using STATA version 14. Results: Children below the age of 15years (median age of nine years (IQR six to 13) were recruited, 50.7% (n=37) were males. The overall prevalence of CagA was 60.3% (95% CI=48.1% - 71.5%). H. pylori infection was highest in the 5-11 year age group with a prevalence of 59.5% had CagA positive strain. The difference in proportion between the age groups was however not statistically significant (Exact p-value