Almighty Allah revealed the Holy Qur’an for guidance of the mankind. This guidance cannot be acquired without pondering over the meanings of this book. Different scholars dedicated their lives for understanding and then spreading the message of the Almighty Allah. This book is a study of the work on translations and tafasīr of Holy Qur’an. In Sub-Continent, a large number of religious scholars dedicated themselves for the service of Holy Qur’an. Their vision was broad and they elaborated meanings of the Holy Qur’an according to their own mental approach They were appreciated and criticized by scholars of different sects of the society. There is a dire need to understand and spread the teachings of the Holy book. Hopefully this work will encourage the readers to be aware of the research of theologians. Shāh Walī Allāh is the most important religious figure of Sub-Continent. He and his sons played very important role in spreading the message of Qur’an. Brief services of this family are elaborated in this book. Scholars of Sindh have contributed in writing translations and commentaries of Holy Qur’an. Some of their contributions are highlighted. The reader will also find introduction of well-known translations and tafasīr of the 20th century. But this introduction is restricted to the Sub-continent. Through this book. the writer wants only to motivate people for learning the Holy Book. It is not claimed that services of all the Qur’anic theologians of Sub-continent are highlighted. This is a matter of pride for the author that things are discussed without any prejudice. The readers are the best judges. Suggestions regarding the improvement will be welcomed. I am thankful to Prof. Dr. Shams-ul-Basar and Dr. Zohaib Ahmad for guidance and Co-operation regarding the publication of this work. May Allah Almighty shower blessings on them. If...
Ahmad sh┤qi is acknowledged as king of the modern Arabic poetry for his a lot of contribution towards it. He compiled the poetry in new poetical style and introduced several varieties in which he is awarded the title of “King of the Poetry”. Beside these attempts he contributed to the contemporary prosaic arts like; novels, dramas, anecdotes, dialogues, biography, social and political issues, which is somehow appreciated by a group of writers and condemned by another for some reasons. His prose did not gain the status as compared to his status in poetry. Many aspects of his prose were analytically discussed by the scholars but the thematic trend in his prose – according to my knowledge- is not taken in research. This article focused on the issue in research with the descriptive manner and the above mentioned themes are analyzed. Wherever, there is failure occurred in the prose that is pointed out and criticized. Adding more, the literary features which saved the prose from decline somehow are put in. This research will meet the deficiency we examined in the books written down about his prosaic literature. This will also open a new door for new researchers to take the themes and extend it further.
Tourism and travel sector of Pakistan is facing a crisis situation for the last many years. In this context, where the macro-environment remains unstable, and very dynamic, it is important for organizations involved in this sector to develop self-sustainability and organizational resilience. The aim of the study is to find out what factors can make this sector more resilient and sustainably profitable in the future. For this purpose, a sample of 390 responses is collected through questionnaire, to test the conceptual model to fully understand the dynamics of this crucial service sector specifically in the context of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) challenges. The responses are then tested through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique using AMOS. Mediation effects of business resilience and customer relationship management effectiveness are analyzed, and from results it is found that these two variables positively and significantly mediate the relationships between learning orientation, market orientation, business performance and innovation. The moderation effect of market turbulence, technological turbulence and competitive intensity is also tested. It is observed that, technological turbulence and competitive intensity weakens (strengthen) the relation of CRMe’ with business innovation and business performance as moderators, while market turbulence strengthens (weakens) the said relation. It suggests that organizations working in tourism sector in Pakistan must focus on learning and market orientation to become more resilient for upcoming challenges so that they can reap the benefits of customer relationship management in a better way to innovate and perform better.