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بے انتہا حمد و ثنااس خالقِ ارض و سما کے لیے جس نے مجھے عقلِ سلیم اور فہم و فراست کی دولت سے مالا مال کیااورجس نے مجھے لفظوں سے کھیلنے کی قوت اور ملکہ بخشا۔کروڑوںدرود و سلام اس نبی ﷺ کی بارگاہِ بے کس پناہ میں کہ جنہوں نے انسانیت کو جہالت کی تاریکیوںسے نکال کر علم کی روشنی سے متعارف کروایا۔
اس حقیقت سے انکار نہیں کیا جاسکتا کہ تحقیق انتہائی کٹھن امر ہے۔اس کتاب کی تکمیل کے دوران اگرچہ مجھے کئی دشواریوں کا سامنا کرنا پڑا،کئی بار میرے قدم بھی ڈگمگائے مگراس وقت میرے شفیق استاد ڈاکٹر مشتاق عادل صاحب نے اس مشکل کام میںمیری رہنمائی کی اورمجھے آبلہ پائی کی مشقتوں سے بچائے رکھا اور اپنی مصروفیات سے قیمتی وقت نکال کر ہر لحاظ سے میری مدد کی۔
میںممنون ہوںاپنے والدین کی کہ جن کی حوصلہ افزائی سے مجھے تقویت ملتی رہی۔تحقیق کے دوران اکثر شب بیداری والدہ کی نیند میں خلل کا باعث بنی مگر انہوں نے کبھی اس کی شکایت نہیں کی، انتہائی معذرت کے ساتھ ان کی شکرگزار ہوں۔ اپنے اہل خانہ کابھی شکریہ ادا کرتی ہوں کہ انہوںنے میرے حوصلے کو قائم رکھا۔ میری تحقیقی سرگرمیوںکے دوران انہوں نے میری گھریلو ذمہ داریوں میں تخفیف کو خندہ پیشانی سے قبول کیا۔ میںبالخصوص اپنے والدمحترم کی تہہ دل سے شکرگزار ہوں جنہوں نے اس کتاب کی مکمل پروف ریڈنگ کی۔ انگلش او اردو پر ان کا مکمل عبور میری تحریر کے مختلف گوشوں میں آپ کو واضح جھلکتا نظر آئے گا۔ان کی رہنمائی کے بغیر یہ کام میرے لیے انتہائی کٹھن تھا۔
میں یونیورسٹی آف سیالکوٹ اور اپنے شعبہ کے اساتذہ ڈاکٹر یاسمین کوثر،میڈم ماریہ بلال، ڈاکٹر یوسف اعوان اورڈاکٹر عامر اقبال کاشکریہ ادا کرتی ہوں جن کی شفقت اور حوصلہ افزائی کے باعث میرا یہ تحقیقی کام...
The article explores views of Maulᾱna Waḥῑduddῑn Khᾱn on relation between Islam and secularism as there is no specification of his thoughts on the above issue as critics and other scholars tend to show confusion when they approach Khᾱn’s thoughts from that specific angle. Maulᾱna Waḥῑduddῑn Khᾱn is an Indian religious scholar and peace activist who is alive and known for his modern, cosmopolitan and peaceful thoughts. In this article the scattered and disjointed views of Khᾱn on relation between Islam and secularism have been portrayed as to give context to his original views and show his actual stance which might remove the confusion prevalent amongst intellectuals and scholars as to spot Khᾱn’s basic stance on the above issue. The definition and different experiences of secularism has been shortly described along with projection of diversity of stance from other Muslim scholars as to broaden the very background of the issue. Later the views of Khᾱn and his approach to the issue have been presented. The article will throw light that how Khᾱn perceives the issue of relation between Islam and secularism and what is the point of convergence and divergence between Islam and secularism. This article will also highlight that whether he deals the topic on the basis of creed or philosophy or pragmatism and that whether he takes secularism as beneficial or damaging to the interest of Muslims and Islam. The article also shed light on the scheme of Khᾱn that how Muslim should deal with the phenomenon of secularism.
The present project was conducted with aim to provide information on ethnomedicinal uses, biological screening, antioxidant potential, antileishmanial, antiglycation, immunomodulatory and anticancer activates of the medicinal plants from Galliyat region of western Himalaya, Pakistan. The present study provides information on the ethnobotanical uses of medicinal plants in the Galliyat area of Western Himalaya, Pakistan. This study includes 45 medicinal plants including 38 angiosperms, 4 gymosperms and 3 pteridophytes. The inhabitants of the area utilized different parts of the plants for the medication purposes involve; leaves (19 sp.), root (11 sp.), fruit (7 sp.), flower (7 sp.), bark (6 sp.), seed (5 sp.), aerial parts (4 sp.), whole plants (3 sp.), rhizome (3 sp.) and wood (2 sp.). Major source of the ethnobotanical data were old age peoples and traditional practitioners. Women have more knowledge as compared to the males. The biological screenings of medicinal plants were carried out for 10 selected medicinal plants include: Geranium collinum Steph. ex Willd., Persicaria barbata (L.) Hara, Impatiens edgeworthii Hook. f., Rubia cordifolia L., Clematis grata Wall., Geranium wallichianum D.Don ex Sweet., Berberis lycium Royle., Artemisia vulgaris L., Boerhavia procumbens Banks ex Roxb., and Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. Antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants showed different response against bacterial species. Geranium collinum exhibited the maximum antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus aerogenes respectively. While Persicaria barbata showed the maximum activity against Bacillus subtilus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. Antioxidant potential of these medicinal plants was investigated by using multiple approaches include DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay at modified experimental condition. Six conditions (15 min/25°C, 60 min/25°C, 120 min/25°C, 15 min/37°C, 60 min/37°C and 120 min/37°C) were selected. Higher activity was observed at 120min > 60min > 15min represent the time dependent phenomenon. Temperature also represents a significant impact on the antioxidant activity. However more antioxidant activity was observed at Human body temperature (37°C) as compared to room temperature (25°C). In ABTS (2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoneline-6- xiv sulphonic acid) radical scavenging assay Geranium collinum represent the best activity. Hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity produced very good result as majority of plants produced significant results include Geranium collinum, Persicaria barbata, Clematis grata, and Rubia cordifolia. During phosphomolybdinum assay, Boerhavia procumbens, Artemisia vulgaris, Berberis lycium, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Persicaria barbata, and Rubia cordifolia showed the significant results. Persicaria barbata exhibited the best result for FRAP (Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) assay. The medicinal plants screened in antileishmanial assay produced interesting results against Leishmania major. All plants produced highly significant results except the Capsella bursa-pastoris which showed closed response to Glucantime (standard drug). Antiglycation capabilities of the medicinal plants revealed that Persicaria barbata, Geranium collinum and Berberis lycium have significant potential to inhibit the formation of the advanced glycation end-products. In immunomodulatory studies Geranium collinum, Artemisia vulgaris, Boerhavia procumbens, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Clematis grata, Rubia cordifolia, and Persicaria barbata showed the significant immunomodulatory effects. Geranium collinum, Impatiens edgeworthi and Rubia cordifolia showed the significant activity against human prostate cancer cell line (PC 3). Geranium collinum was considered to present the significant result against the Human lung carcinoma (LU-1). In-case of human prostate adenocarcinoma (LNCaP-1), Geranium collinum and Geranium wallichianum produced the significant results. It is concluded that Geranium collinum, Persicaria barbata and Geranium wallichianum showed the best results of all performed activities in comparison to other plants in the study. Geranium collinum enjoy the least literature background and all the activities were performed for the first time for this plant. In some experiments it displayed better response than reference compound used in the study. Many of the biological activities were performed for the first time in case of various plants. The potential of medicinal plants involving the aspects of ethnomedicinal investigation, antioxidant activities, antiglycation assay, antileishmanial assay, immunomodulatory studies and anticancer studies would prove to be useful for pharmaceutical industry, students and scientific community for further research in this area.