انج تاں توں ڈکیندا نہیں ہائیں، ڈکیا ہنجواں ہاہواں نال
انج تاں توں ٹھلیہندا نہیں ہائیں، ٹھلیا ٹھنڈیاں ساہواں نال
بدل ماحول گیا اے سارا نویاں قدراں بدلن نال
گولاں اج وناں تے نہیں نے، نہیں نے بور اکاہواں نال
سر دا بھار اوڑک نوں اپنے پیراں اتے اونا ایں
اپنے بھار نے چونے پوندے ٹٹیاں ہویاں باہواں نال
ہک دوجے نال مل کے سارے لوک ترقی کر دے نیں
بندے نکل جاندے نیں اگے، اپنیاں اپنیاں ٹھاہواں نال
پٹھے وڈھ کے چھیڑ مجھیں دا اج رجونا پوندا اے
ڈھور کدے وی رج دے نہیں نیں، بنیوں پٹے گھاہواں نال
نازک جان ملوک تیری اے، اوکھا پیار دا پینڈا ای
ساڈی ریس ناں کر توں جھلیا، اسیں ہاں حال تباہواں نال
بھانویں اوگنہار ہاں میں، پاک نبیؐ دی امت ہاں
مینوں ساڑ دوزخ نہیں سکدا اگاں اتے بھاہواں نال
Indeed, nobody can deny the role and importance of women in any peaceful society. Their contribution is not only essential to enhance the living standard but also they are life blood of prosperity and beauty of this universe. In each & every field of life their need is felt but regrettably, it is not realized by all that how much women have experienced discrimination and deprivation of their rights and freedom. Many of restrictions and limitations faced by them are due to culture and tradition. Although women play an important role in the development and success of men, but do not get any reward for their allegiance, loyalty and devotion. Islam acknowledged equality of women with men in a great way. In Islam women get a praiseworthy and admirable position which no religion ever gave them. Islam defined their duties and ordered to treat them equally but in spite of all that the woman of today’s Muslim world in general and Pakhtun society in particular is not entertaining their rights and status. This study specifically focusses on highlighting one of the Pakhtun customs and its aspects that badly violate the religious teachings regarding the Women marriage Status and there will also be some recommendations in order to eradicate these unlawful trends from society as to empower the women in real sense.
Students’ conceptions of the Nature of Science (NOS) greatly influence their understanding of science and scientific knowledge. Therefore, an understanding of NOS is considered to be important in order to develop informed conceptions about science among the learners. Thus, by exploring the learners’ current understanding of NOS will help the teachers and educators of science to make their interventions in right direction. This study aimed to explore Grade 10 students’ conceptions about the four selected aspects of NOS that are the empirical nature of science, tentativeness, scientific method and scientific theories and laws. This study was conducted under the qualitative research paradigm. A sample of 28 students participated in this study and among them six were selected for semi-structured interviews through purposive sampling. Two types of research tools, Views of Nature of Science (VoNOS) and Nature Of Science Research Protocol (NOSRP) were used to collect data. Both the tools were modified to suit the purpose of the study. The interview data was audio-taped and transcribed. The data was analyzed by coding and categorizing it under the four predetermined themes.
The findings revealed that participants in this study held adequate views about the empirical nature of science. Most of the participants held adequate views and some of them possessed mixed-views about the tentative Nature of Science. Regarding the scientific method most of the students’ possessed inadequate views and few of them held mixed views. All participants demonstrated inadequate views about laws and theories.
The findings of the study revealed that, most of the students have inadequate views about NOS. Thus, an immediate help is needed in this regard to improve students’ understanding of NOS. This study also draws the attention of the stakeholders toward teachers’ professional development and inclusion of the concepts of NOS in science textbooks.