شہید ابن شہید علی محمد ہنگورو
لیاری کی تنگ و تاریک گلیوں میں جنم لینے والا علی محمد ہنگورو بالمعروف ’’علی ہنگورو ‘‘نسل در نسل باوقار جد وجہد سے جام شہادت تک ثابت قدم ،شہید علی ہنگورو کے والد شہید یعقوب ایک مزدور لیڈر تھے ۔
وہ مچھی میانی میں مزدور کاز کا دفاع کرتے ہوئے اپنی جان کی بازی ہار گئے ۔باپ کی شہادت نے کم سن علی ہنگورو پر گہرے نقش چھوڑے غربت پروری اور وفاداری والد سے حصے میں ملی
شہید علی محمد ہنگورو کی زندگی مزدوری سے سندھ اسمبلی نشست تک ان تھک جدو جہد سے پُر ہے اپنی جد وجہد کا آغاز پیپلز اسٹوڈنٹس فیڈریشن اور بعد ازاں سندھ پیپلز یوتھ سے کیا ،وہ جد وجہد پر یقین رکھتا تھا ۔
اپنی اسی روشن خیالی کی بدولت سازشوں ،بہروپیوں اور بھٹو دشمن عناصر قوتوں کو کھٹکتا تھا ،اس نے اپنے وقت کے آمر جام صادق کو للکارا اور اسمبلی کے فلور پر نعرہ حق بلند کیا ۔
یا الہی کسی کم ظرف کو طاقت نہ ملے
کسی ظالم کو زمانے کی قیادت نہ ملے
فکر منفی کو کبھی علم و فراست نہ ملے
اور جب سازشیں حد سے بڑھیں زرداروں کا عمل دخل اور غریب ورکروں کے ساتھ زیادتیاں بڑھنے لگیں علی سید مظفر حسین شاہ کے دور میں آزاد سیٹ پر بیٹھ کر اپنی جدوجہد جاری رکھی ۔
1993ء میں جب میر مرتضی بھٹو کے وطن واپسی پر اعلان کے ساتھ علی شہید نے شہید بھٹو کمیٹی بنا کر میر مرتضی بھٹو کا استقبال کیا پھر نہ رات دیکھی نہ دن لیاری کا یہ کمانڈر استقبال تیاریوں میں مصروف ہو گیا وہ تاریخ...
After the Prophets of Allah Almighty, the most sacred class of mankind is the class of Prophet Muhammad's Companions. Those are the people who had seen the prophet of Islam with their naked eyes, remained in his companionship and got the heights of knowledge and actions and proved to be a great example of character by attaining the image of Prophet Muhammad's model of excellence. Another class which, like the companions of Prophet (pbuh), deserves such honor is the class of Tabe’en (The followers of the Companions). Tabe'en had contributed a matchless role in the history of Islam regarding religious knowledge and literature. They had also examplary performed in social, economical, political and military services. Due to these great services they are considered the most sacred class of the Ummah after the prophet’companions. There is a list of academic and literary services ahead of the name of each person in this class. And these services are the great testimony to the greatness of these people. The prophet's companions received the religious knowledge directly from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), while Tabe'en got it from the companions and then published it in the whole world. The sincere efforts performed by Tabe'en regarding Quran, Hadith, Tafseer and Islamic litrature are of so high level that no one had reached such level of sincerity in the entire history of Islam. The steps that occur after that period, regarding the development of Islamic culture are only the effects of their services. Actually ‘‘Tabe’en’’ is the only class that has spread the social, moral and spritual blessings of Islam throughout the world. That is why, it is not only the Quran that witnesses their greatness but the Prophet (peace be upon him) also praises them.
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of diarrhea in children <5 years in many countries. The objectives of this pre-vaccination era study were to explore the prevalence and the genetic diversity of RVA strains in <5 years children, hospitalized due to gastroenteritis during 2014 – 2016. Two tertiary care hospitals Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH) located in Rawalpindi and Kharadar General Hospital (KGH) in Karachi were the study sites. A total of 1227 children were tested through ELISA for the presence of RVA and 28.5% (n=350) were found positive. From the 956 children enrolled in BBH (n=502 in 2014 and n=454 in 2015), 29.1% (n=279) were RVA positive. Among the 271 children enrolled in KGH during 2016, 26% (n=71) were found to be infected with RVA. A majority (78%; n=272) of RVA gastroenteritis cases were found in children <1 year of age and the virus was detected throughout the study period. Genotyping of ELISA positive samples through RT-PCR showed G12P[6] (21%) as the most dominant genotype followed by G3P[8] (16%), G2P[4] (12%), G1P[8] (9%), G9P[6] (8%) and G3P[6] (6%). A high proportion (10%) of mixed infection was also observed. Phylogenetic analysis clustered Pakistani G1 strains into two lineages, G1 lineage 1 & 2 along with strains from Russia, Australia, Thailand, India, Bhutan, Belgium Turkey, and the USA. The G2 strains clustered into G2 lineage IV, sub lineage IVa-3 along with strains reported worldwide. Pakistani G2 strains showed the D96N and S242N substitutions which are characteristic of sub-lineage IVa-3 and have been linked to the reemergence of these strains in many countries. Pakistan G3 viruses clustered into G3 lineage 3, sub-lineage 3d and were closely related to strains from China, Russia, Japan, and the USA. High amino acid similarities existed among indigenous G3 and the new variant G3 viruses that were first reported from Japan in 2003-2004. We hereby report the first finding of these variant G3 viruses from our country. The G9 strains grouped into two lineages G9 lineage 3 & 4 with the majority of strains belonging to lineage 3. Pakistani G12 strains belonged to the G12 lineage 3 together with G12 from different countries. The P[4], P[6] and P[8] Pakistani strains were linked to VP4 genotypes found globally. Comparative analysis of wild-type rotaviruses with RotarixTM and RotaTeqTM revealed several amino acid differences in the VP7 and VP8* antigenic epitopes. Notably, Pakistani G3 isolates contained a K238N amino acid change that generates an extra N linked glycosylation site which could have an effect on the antigenicity of these strains. This is the first report on the predominance of G12P[6] and the emergence of G3P[8] from Pakistan. Our findings provide important information pertinent to the genetic diversity of RVA strains circulating in the two cities of Pakistan (Rawalpindi and Karachi) and emphasize the need for large-scale epidemiological studies across the country.