اُمّیدبنو،تعمیر کرو سب مل کر پاکستان کی
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے طالب علم ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر لب کشائی کا موقع فراہم کیا گیا ہے وہ ہے:’’اُمّیدبنو،تعمیر کرو سب مل کر پاکستان کی‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
امید مایوسی کو جڑ سے کاٹ کر رکھ دیتی ہے۔ قنوطیّت ا ور نا امیدی کی فضاء میں نشوونما پانے والا شجرکبھی بارآور ثابت نہیں ہوتا، امید ا یک نوید ِجاں فزا ہے، اُمید کی کرن ظلمت کدہ جہاں میں نور ثابت ہوتی ہے، امید کے سہارے چلنے والاشخص کبھی نہ کبھی در منزل پرضرور دستک دیتا ہے۔
صدرِمحفل!
پاکستان ہمارا ملک ہے، پاکستان ہمارا وطن ہے، پاکستان ہماری پیاری سرزمین ہے، پاکستان ہماری جنت ہے، پاکستان کا ہر ذرّہ ہمیں جان سے بھی زیادہ پیارا ہے، پاکستان کے گل وگلستان پاکستان کے صحرا اور ریگستان ، پاکستان کے کھیت اور کھلیان ، پاکستان کے مزدور اور اور دہقان یہ سب ہمارے ہیں۔
صدرِذی وقار!
اس کی جامعات ہمیں زیورِ تعلیم سے مزیّن کرتی ہیں، اس کے محراب وممبرسے ہمارے لیے وعظ و نصیحت کی صدائیں بلند ہوتی ہیں ، اس کے کھیت وکھلیان ہمارے لئے رزق وافر کا انتظام و انصرام کرتے ہیں، اس کی عدالتیں ہمارے لیے انصاف کا بندوبست کرتی ہیں اس کے گلستان و چمنستان ہمارے لیے نکہت و باد بہاری کا سامان بہم پہنچاتے ہیں۔
جنابِ صدر!
تاجر ایماندار ہو گا تو تجارت معیاری ہوگی، منصف مجسمہ خلوص ہوگا تو عدالت کی کرسی اقربا پروری اور رشوت ستانی کی گرد سے صاف ہوگی ، واعظ وخطیب جب صاحب علم و عمل ہوگا تو محراب وممبر سے بلند ہونے والی آواز یں پُر تاثیر ہوںگی ، باغبان کی نیت ٹھیک ہوگی تو گلشنِ...
This study aims to generate thorough and comprehensive review of the teacher’s perspective and hands-on experience in mainstreaming LSENs in a regular classroom, including teachers’ attitudes and perceptions, challenges encountered, and teaching approach in handling mainstreamed classrooms. A scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) systematically analyzed the data of the different articles conducted by various scholars. Through scrupulous and through selection of related studies, 10 articles were included in the review from 6 different countries across the globe. The articles included were conducted from 6 countries and various databases. The study highlighted that: 1) teachers have positive and negative attitudes towards mainstreaming, 2) teachers experienced various challenges in handling a mainstream classroom, and 3) learner-centered approach to learning is used in the classroom. Mainstreaming LSENs in a regular classroom has pros and cons among teachers, regular students, and the LSENs themselves. Hence, a daunting responsibility for the teachers. Nevertheless, it is imperative to support teachers by giving seminars and training, especially to those non-special education majors, to be fully equipped to handle mainstreamed classrooms.
Dielectric Characterization Using High Q Microwave Resonators This dissertation presents a very efficient and robust method of dielectric characterization through high quality factor resonant structures. The resonant structures employed in this work acts as sensing elements which are not only cost effective but also easy to integrate with other components for System-in-Package applications. These sensors work on the principle of resonant perturbation theory due to which there is a shift in resonant frequency and change in bandwidth as soon as they are loaded with a sample material. This perturbation is relative to the dielectric properties of the loaded material hence through prior calibration unknown parameters of the sample material can be determined with excellent accuracy. Two classes of sensors based on Dielectric Resonator (DR) and Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavity are reported. The DR sensor offers high accuracy and excellent repeatability with straight forward MUT loading mechanism. The TM01δ resonant mode is excited to keep maximum E-field concentration in the middle of DR. This arrangement ensures maximum perturbation of the DR when the sample material is loaded. Organic liquid mixtures as well as powdered chemicals are measured for their concentration using this DR. SIW cavity is another structure which is investigated for dielectric characterization application of solids and in particular to estimate moisture content in a single wheat kernel. The wheat kernel is loaded inside cavity through a hole drilled in the appropriate location that results in shifting the resonant frequency of SIW cavity which is operated in TE101 or TE102 resonant mode. High quality factor and planar topology of SIW is very attractive for such applications. A relatively different technique of liquid characterization by varying the coupling coefficient of an SIW filter is also proposed. A two pole SIW filter is used in which the two resonators are coupled through a stub line. The sample is mounted on the coupling section of the filter resulting in the variation of the coupling coefficient and xi this variation is proportional to the electrical properties of the liquid under test, thus through prior calibration the liquid mixture concentration is determined. All the proposed techniques in this work can be easily transformed into a standalone handheld device by integrating peripheral electronics for measurements. Since the resonant perturbation technique is applied in association with the standard reference samples which are used for calibrating the system prior to its usage therefore, the handheld system does not require very high precision RF components.