جدید مالیاتی ادارے اور تقسیم زکوۃ

One of the main features of the property that Islam does not allow the wealth is concentrated around few peoples; any group or class of society, but according to Islamic point of view money should be in circulation so that poor class of the society could enjoy this blessing from Almighty Allah. Zakat Distribution System is a system of fair procedure for this world by Islam; if it is implemented with true spirit of Islam it can end poverty from the society. Islam obligate rich people of the society to distribute Zakat from their wealth amongst poor people however Islam has ordered not to receiver Zakat more than their needs so that it could be distribute to other poor people of the society. Zakat is an important and has significance in Islam. Islamic law imposed the duty on the Islamic government to collect Zakat from the rich and distribute it to the poor of the society, which caused not only undermined the dignity of the poor. Islamic law imposed the duty on Islamic government to take steps of receiving Zakat. If the government imposed the proper procedures in current banks and other financial institutions to receive Zakat from the rich people of the society and distribute it amongst the poor of the society than it could help to get rid of poverty from the society and it also help for the stability of the economy of any Country?

Correlation Between Toxoplasmosis and Some Endocrine Parameters for the Assessment of Immunopathogenic Mechanisms of Human Population

Present study deals with the correlation of Toxoplasma with some endocrine parameters for the assessment of immunopathogenic mechanism in human population selected from different localities of Lahore. Besides analysis of blood using ELISA for various parameters (anti-Toxo IgG and IgM, Insulin, TSH, T3, T4, FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol) this multidisciplinary study involved the questionnaire survey of the area for the assessment of health status of the study respondents and risk factors regarding toxoplasmosis. Data was analyzed statistically by Chi-square test, ttest, ANOVA and correlation (p<0.05). Analysis of data revealed that seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection was significantly related to various factors; socioeconomic status, pica habits, consumption of untreated water for drinking purpose and exposure to oocysts contaminated surfaces as feral cats have high abundance in the study areas. Toxoplasma gondii infection was highly prevalent among study subjects. It was found that chronic Toxoplasma infection was more prevalent (58.5%) among respondents then acute/recent cases (41.5%). Gender wise comparison showed that prevalence of infection was higher among male subjects (86%) in compared to the females (34%). Percentage prevalence of Toxoplasma had positive correlation with seropositivity among subjects of 36-44+ years of age. Toxoplasma infection was found to be correlated with different endocrine hormones. Higher insulin concentration was detected among seropositive subjects reflecting similar trend in both sexes. The deviation was significant among senior age groups. The concentration of TSH, T3 and T4 was detected to be higher than the reference value among 9%, 19% and 79% subjects respectively. In case of male seropositive subjects, LH was significantly higher (11.89±0.66mlU/ml) whereas testosterone was found to be lower (2.82±0.13ng/ml) than normal reference value. In general female Toxoplasma positive respondents were detected with variable ranges of FSH, LH and estradiol during various reproductive phases. These changes in various hormones reflect the possible role of toxoplasmosis leading to various metabolic disorders and reproductive problems. The results are depictive of the fact that lack of education and awareness, poor hygiene conditions and other risk factors greatly enhance the transmission of such parasites. The results of the study are significant and provide enough evidence regarding toxoplasmosis and its correlation with the changes in various hormones leading to health effects.