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Characterization of Microbial Surfactants As Antimicrobial Agents

Thesis Info

Author

Saira

Department

Department of Microbiology, QAU

Program

Mphil

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

78

Subject

Microbiology

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS / M.Phil / BIO / 5125

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676718336611

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مولاناشبیر احمد عثمانی

علامہ شبیر احمد عثمانی
افسوس کہ آج قلم کو اس ہستی کا ماتم کرنا پڑ رہا ہے جو ساری عمر قوم و ملت کی غم گسار رہی، حضرت مولانا شبیر احمد عثمانی کی وفات کا سانحہ نہ صرف پاکستان بلکہ علمی و مذہبی دنیا کا بڑا حادثہ ہے، و ہ اس دور کے جلیل القدر عالم، متبحر فاضل، نامور خطیب اور صاحبِ بصیرت مدبر تھے، دینی علوم میں ان کا پایہ بہت بلند تھا، ان کی ساری عمر ان کی خدمت میں گذری، برسوں دارالعلوم دیوبند میں ان کا علمی فیض جاری رہا۔ پھر ڈابھیل (سورت) کی مشہور دینی درسگاہ میں چلے گئے اور وہاں کئی سال تک ان کے درس و افاضہ کا سلسلہ قائم رہا۔ قرآن مجید پر ان کا اردو حاشیہ موضح الفرقان اور صحیح مسلم کی ضخیم عربی شرح فتح الملہم ان کا بڑا علمی و دینی کارنامہ ہے، اس کے علاوہ چند چھوٹی چھوٹی تصانیف بھی ان کی یادگارہیں۔
ملکی اور قومی کاموں میں بھی ان کا حصہ رہا ہے، وہ عرصہ تک جمعیۃ العلماء کے شریک کار رہے، پھر پاکستان کی تحریک کے بعد مسلم لیگ میں شامل ہوگئے، اور جمعیۃ علمائے اسلام کے صدر منتخب ہوئے اور پاکستان کی تبلیغ و اشاعت میں بڑی سرگرمی سے حصہ لیا، اس کے چند ممتاز بانیوں میں سے ایک وہ بھی تھے، قیام پاکستان کے بعد کراچی چلے گئے، اور اس کی دستور ساز اسمبلی کے رکن مقرر ہوئے، پاکستان میں ان کی حیثیت مذہبی مشیر کی تھی، اور حکومت کے ارکان پر ان کے علم و عمل، تقویٰ و دیانت، فہم و فراست، اخلاق و سیرت اور استغنا و بے نیازی کا بڑا اثر تھا، اور ان کی ذات سے پاکستان کی مذہبی اصلاح کی بڑی امیدیں وابستہ تھیں، لیکن افسوس موت نے اس کا موقع نہ دیا، اور گذشتہ ۱۳؍...

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Impact of Teachers’ Associations on Quality of Education, at Secondary Level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The study was conducted to find out the impact of teachers’ associations on quality of education, at secondary level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The main objectives of the study were to find the current nature and status of teachers association, to investigate the flaws and drawbacks of current teachers’ associations, to formulate a strategy for keeping away teachers from practical politics and to create a true trade union spirit. The population of the study consisted of all the principal, teachers, association members and students at secondary level in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Targeted population was taken from five districts namely Abbotabad, Kohat, Mardan, Peshawar and Swat. The sample of the study consisted of 100 principals, 500 teachers, 100 association members and 500 students at secondary level. The primary Data was collected with the help of Questionnaires while the secondary Data was based on the study of relevant documents, books, thesis, journals, articles and review of related literature. The findings based on the statistical evidences indicated that Teachers’ Associations work for the rights of teachers, solve many problems of teachers, work for increase in salary and struggle for educational reforms. However most of them are supported by political parties for their own interest. This research proved that these Teachers’ Associations can successfully influence educational policies, educational budget, educational facilities and educational curriculum. They should solve the problems of teachers equally for the betterment of education system and for the development of society.