مکی دور نبوت اور مسلم اقلیت کافقہ السیرۃ کی روشنی میں سماجی مطالعہ

The life of Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) is described as role model in Holy Quran for all the Muslims and known as Uswa.e. Hasna. So, the importance of the life history of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) in every period before prophet hood and as a prophet cannot be denied in any walk of life. But the makki period of the Prophet’s life has not enlightened in such a way as it has importance. Many aspects of makki period has been discussed in history and seerah writing but along with this a lot of aspects has been not given due importance in contemporary seerah writing. The basic sources of hadith o seerah provides lots of material on this aspect. In the makki period, Muslims were in minority and they had to face a lot of religious, social, economic and political issues in their lives. Now a days, in modern world majority of Muslims lives in western and non. Muslim societies and have to spend their lives as minority in that socities. In a state of minority, they have to face a lot of religious, social and economical issues in their lives. These problems can be solved in the light of seerah especially from the teachings of makki period, it can provide a lot of religious solutions in contemporary societies in a better way. This article will throw light on teachings of makki period and discuss the solutions of Muslim’s problems as minority in the light of fiqh. Ul. Seerah.

Challenges of Manufacturing Born Global SME : Evidence from Surgical Instrument Manufacturing Cluster, Sialkot, Pakistan

Owing to their gigantic participation in global economic growth, the phenomenon of SMEs internationalization has become the centre of attention for numerous researchers. The firms operating from low-tech industry and from developing nation were largely ignored. Internationalization phenomenon from underdeveloped cluster of a developing nation facing daunting challenges that hinder SMEs performance and growth; turns out to be an attention-grabbing area – hence, worth-investigating. The purpose of this study is to investigate the challenges of manufacturing born global SMEs from surgical instrument manufacturing cluster Sialkot, Pakistan. More specifically, the objective is to explore the kind of challenges and their effect on the performance of these born global SMEs. To carry out this research, data was collected through a questionnaire from 100 respondents (managers/entrepreneurs). Based on the findings, the study identify the challenges like employees' loyalty, shortage of skilled technical workforce, retention of experienced and skilled workforce, staff motivation, staff recognition and promotion, staff development, and performance appraisals. The results of this study also support the hypothesis that poor management skills (FIRM, marketing, finance, and production) are challenges and contribute to the poor performance of manufacturing born global SMEs. Manufacturing born global SMEs are facing challenge of lack of government policy on born global SMEs, tax issues and reduced rebates, and shortage of skilled labor force.