The Influence of Covid-19 on Indonesian Investment

The COVID-19 outbreak has had a serious impact on almost all countries in the world, including Indonesia. In response to this case, various policies began to emerge. Starting from the implementation of work from home, social distancing and physical distancing, until the implementation of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB). Overseas investors are busy focusing their finances on the needs of their respective countries to fight the virus. Domestic investment (PMDN) is also predicted to experience a slowdown. The social distancing policy resulted in the community not being able to run the economic system well, especially in the Indonesian investment sector so that the perokoniman namely investment in Indonesia decreased and there were some delays in investment by other countries in Indonesia.

Suppression of Isoproterenol Induced Mi Through Combination Plant Therapy

Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in rabbits by isoproterenol (85 mg/Kg body wt.). Five indigenous plants Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Terminalia arjuna and Moringa oleifera were selected to prepare 64 possible combinations. Native as well as gemmomodified plant extracts of selected parts of Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Terminalia arjuna and Moringa oleifera were prepared and combined to make treatment combinations against isoproterenol induced MI. Both the preventive & curative ways of treatment were employed on different treatment groups prepared by placing 140 healthy rabbits in specific groups. The effects of different plant combinations were assessed through the serum level of biochemical markers at calculated time intervals. Plant combinations decreased the isoproterenol induced rise in biomarkers as CK-MB, LDH, ALT, AST, ALP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, urea and uric acid to the level of these parameters in C1 and C2 control groups as compared to C3 (isoproterenol group). Sharp decrease in the level of enzymes/parameters was observed in class III (GP: combination of gemmo extracts used in preventive way) followed by class I (GC: combination of gemmomodified extracts used in curative way). Out of 64 combinations of five plants, 16GP (gemmomodified combination of Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Terminalia arjuna and Moringa oleifera used in preventive mode) gave the excellent cardioprotective potential followed by 16GC (gemmomodified combination of Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Terminalia arjuna and Moringa oleifera used in curative mode) throughout the study. Findings were further strengthened by gross and histopathological studies. Isoproterenol also affected the organs other than heart as liver, kidney and lungs. There was no genotoxicity imposed by any of the combinations as biomonitored by Comet Assay. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 4-(4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone, n- Hexadecanoic acid and oleic acid as actively curing constituents with antioxidant and cardioprotective potential in 16G. The 16G (gemmomodified combination of Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Terminalia arjuna and Moringa oleifera) was further applied on human volunteers suffering from chronic tachycardia and hypertension. There was a significant decrease in pulse rate and blood pressure in the patients who were treated with 16G in combination with inderal (inderal+16G) as compared to patients who were treated with inderal and 16G separately.