اساں مرنا ناہیں
اج وی ساکوں یاد اے مرشد
پہرے دار دی گھات
یارہاں سال دی رات
پیریں اچ زنجیراں پا کے
نچدے گاندے لوگ
بلھے شاہ اساں مرنا ناہیں
وسدی راہسی جھوک
Before the advent of Islam, a woman was considered as property, with no rights at all. They did not have the right to choose a husband. Islam liberated women and gave them the basic rights. Unfortunately, in Pakistan many parents and legal guardians misinterpret and misuse the guardianship of their children, especially with reference to marriage. They deny some religious rights to their children because of local traditions, customs and taboos. Forcing children to marry against their wishes, does not conform to the Islamic code. Forced marriages are considered illegle in Shariah. Even in the case of marriage of a minor arranged, by a father or a grandfather, the girl has the right to cancal it on reaching Puberty. According to Shariah the boy and the girls has the right to turn to a court for a settlement of the issue.
This exploratory study attempts to identify the impact of the Certificate in Educational Management (CEM) program at Institute for Educational Development (IED) on government educational system officers, in terms of their views, attitude and practices in order to identify some key features of individual professional development efforts. The fieldwork for the study was done in two government educational offices in Karachi with female educational officers (a DEO and an SDEO), who had undertaken the CEM program in 1998. The study focused on identifying what the officers were taught in the CEM program, and then trying to understand what they had learned and how it influenced their practices. The data for the study was collected from the DEO and SDEO through interviews, field observations, discussions and documents. The study seemed to show that the CEM program had a major impact on participants' attitudes and professional practices. This was most visible in a move from authoritarian towards a more caring, sharing and tolerant approach. The program has also had some impact on teachers' personality. The officers are people who seem to have become more confident, polite and tolerant, and it has removed their fear of English language.