100. Al-‘Adiyat/The Chargers
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
100:01
a. By the war-horses, charging, snorting, rushing to the battlefield,
100:02
a. striking sparks with their hooves,
100:03
a. and charging by the dawn,
100:04
a. raising a trail of dust,
100:05
a. and storming into the midst of the enemy troops together.
100:06
a. Indeed, the human being has always been ungrateful and grudging to his Rabb - The Lord,
100:07
a. and truly he is a witness to it,
100:08
a. and he is truly very excessive as well as aggressive in his passion for wealth.
100:09
a. But does he not realize what will happen to him when the contents of the graves are thrown out -
100:10
a. and that which is within the hearts will be made known,
100:11
a. at that Time, their Rabb - The Lord will be Fully Aware of them?
This article discusses women rights in Islam and its impacts on Pashtoon society in the present times. The researcher talks about Islamic laws, history and the future of women rights in Islam in general and in Pashtoon society in particular. Islam is natural religion. As compared to other religions, Islam has emphasized on women rights, protection, dignity and their rights have always been focused. Islam has given a distinctive role to woman as a mother, as a sister, as daughter, and as a wife, and in other relations. According to Islamic injections, women are regarded so highly that it is said that paradise live under the feet of mother. A good wife is a great wealth of the world. Daughter is blessing of Allah. Islam has guaranteed women with education, training and all basic needs along with all types of protection. In the same manner, if we talk an over vice of Pashtoon society women rights holds great importance in the light of Islamic laws, Islamic code of conduct, customs and worship etc.
Language use in academic discourse i.e. in classroom sessions and conference presentations is a controversial issue among linguists and academicians as they carry contrasting perspectives regarding use of language in academia. Some linguists believe that code-switching is an essential part of academic discourse while some other suggests that mutual intelligibility may not be possible if the learners switch their language during communication. The variation of the viewpoints creates a niche to explore the use of language in Pakistani classroom sessions and conference presentations. This study explores various purposes of code-switching in academic discourse including elucidation, giving instruction, translation, change/introduce the topic, asking question and building argument. Pakistan is a multi-lingual country and it has rich linguistic diversity where people use provincial and regional languages and medium of instruction in classrooms is a serious concern for academicians. Moreover, the study portrays present situation and describes future implications from students’ perspective.The second main objective of the study is to explore the contextual relevance, quantity of information and perspicuousness in academic discourse (classroom session and conference presentation). To conduct this study thirty classroom sessions and forty conference presentations were recorded and transcribed. Furthermore, this research highlights the issues related to contextual use of language, quantity of information and clarity of expression in academic discourse by giving examples of transcribed data. The findings reveal the purposes of code-switching and contextual uses of language in academic discourse with specific reference to pragmatic ideology. In the light of the findings of the current study I propose Relative Relevance Model of Communication which has potential to explore relevance and relative relevance in classroom sessions and conference presentations especially. Moreover, this model may also be employed on other genres in order to address pragmatic manifestations with special focus on relevance.