EMPATHY DAN DESIGN THINKING DALAM INOVASI MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI ERA DISRUPTIF

Abstract the phenomenon of the current disruptive era makes technology develop fast paced. The rapid progress must be matched with the ability of human resources as the executor of the organization. This study aimed to find out the management innovation in Islamic education institution that nowadays becomes a serious concern to face the global competition. The abilities of empathy and design thinking are the skills that need to be had by headmasters in facing the disruptive era. Innovation in Islamic education management is essential to do considering that the success of education goals is seen from how to manage an organization. This study is the result of literary research sourced from indexed scientific journals, books, and news on the internet. The procedures used included three phases, namely organize, synthesize, and identify.  The result of content analysis showed the concept of design thinking as the process to obtain problem solving which is relevant to the education field namely the formulation of new policy and analysis towards a problem by collecting analyses so that it is helpful to obtain right and effective decision making. Abstrak Fenomena era disruptif saat ini menjadikan teknologi berkembang serba cepat. Pesatnya kemajuan harus diimbangi dengan kemampuan SDM sebagai pelaksana organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali inovasi manajemen di lembaga pendidikan Islam yang saat ini menjadi perhatian serius untuk menghadapi persaingan global. Kemampuan empati dan design thinking adalah skill yang harus miliki oleh kepala sekolah dalam menghadapi era disruptif. Inovasi dalam manajemen pendidikan Islam penting dilakukan mengingat keberhasilan tujuan pendidikan dilihat dari cara mengelola organisasi. Penelitian ini merupakan hasil riset kepustakaan dengan referensi jurnal ilmiah terindeks, buku dan berita di internet. Prosedur yang digunakan meliputi 3 tahap, yaitu organize, synthesize dan identify.  Hasil analisis isi menunjukkan konsep design thinking sebagai proses menghasilkan problem solving relevan dalam dunia pendidikan khususnya perumusan kebijakan baru dan analisis terhadap suatu permasalahan dengan mengumpulkan analisa-analisa sehingga membantu dalam upaya pengambilan keputusan yang tepat dan efektif.

Synthesis, Characterization and Modification of Gum Arabic Microgels for Biomedical and Environmental Applications

In this study, Gum Arabic (GA) microgels were successfully synthesized via reverse micellization method with a high yield (78±5.0%) in 5-100 μm size range using divinyl sulfone (DVS) as a crosslinker. The as synthesized GA microgels show 22.8±3.5% biodegradability property at stomach condition (pH 1) in 20 days, whereas no degradation was observed at pH 7.4 and pH 9 conditions at 37 oC. By using diethylenetriamine (DETA) and taurine (TA) as chemical modifying agents, GA microgels were chemically modified as GA-DETA and GA-TA microgels. Remarkably, GA-DETA and GA-TA microgels show zeta potential values of 5.23±4.07 and -24.85±1.33 mV in comparison to GA microgels which give -27.31±4.20 mV overall surface charge. Moreover, blood compatibility of GA, GA-TA, and GA-DETA microgels was tested via in vitro protein adsorption, % hemolysis ratio and blood clotting index. Interestingly, GA based microgels were hemocompatible with % hemolysis ratio between 0.23 and 2.05; and the GA microgels were found highly compatible with a blood clotting index of 81±40. The biocompatibility of GA, GA-DETA and GA-TA microgels against L929 fibroblast cells also indicate 84.4%, 89.1% and 67.0% cell viability respectively at 25.0 μg/mL concentration; suggesting a great deal of potential in vivo biomedical applications up to this concentration. In addition, 5 and 10 mg/mL minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of protonated GA-DETA microgels (GA-DETA-HCl) was determined against E. coli and S. aureus respectively. The bare and GA-TA microgels present good loading capability of 160 and 57 mg.g-1 for phenylephrine (PHP) whereas, in case of Trimethoprim(TMP), GA-DETA and GA-TA microgels show a relatively higher loading capacity of 80 and 52 mg.g-1 respectively. Contrarily, 39.27 ±1.20, 18.40 ±3.130 and 3.10 ±1.140 mg.g-1 release of PHP was observed in case of GA, GA-TA and GA-DETA microgels respectively to the BPS medium in 8 Hrs. Likewise, GA and GA-TA microgels exhibits upto 4.5 ±3.32 and 9.80 ±4.10 mg.g-1 release respectively and an unexpectedly low release amount of 3.3 ±1.94 mg.g-1 from GA-DETA microgels was monitored in case of TMP. Besides, Zeta potential measurements in this study suggest that GA-DETA microgels denote a positively charged surface in DI water. Due to this fact, GA-DETA microgels were used as micro reactor in removal study of some negatively charged pollutants such as; chromate(Cr(III)), dichromate(Cr(VI)), arsenate(As(V)), methyl orange(MO), eosin Y(EY) and Congo red(CR) from aqueous media. Thus, 0.05 g feed of GA-DETA microgels show upto 69.80, 99.30 %, 40.0 %, 91.0%, 84.10 % and 73.0 % removal capability for As(V), Cr(VI), Cr(III), MO, EY and CR respectively in 2 Hrs. mixing time. Moreover, kinetic models such as; the Langmuir, the Fruendlich and modified Fruendlich isotherms were applied to the obtained adsorption data and it was concluded that modified Fruendlich model exhibits relatively practical fit for almost all pollutants giving R2 value nearer to unity. Moreover, maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) was determined for all the six pollutants with the numerical values of 217, 256, 271, 143, 130 and 116 mg.g-1 for As (V) Cr(III), Cr(VI), MO, EY and CR respectively. Further, it was observed that the modified Fruendlich isotherm give inclusively best fit for all pollutants showing R2 values of 0.9962, 0.9926, 0.9972, 0.9988, 0.9988 and 0.980 in case of adsorption As(V), Cr(VI), Cr(III), MO, EY and CR respectively.