A Comparison of Bahaullah’s Religious Unity With Akbar’s Eclectic Din-E-Elāhi

Mirza Husayn Ali Nuri (1817-1892) was one of the early followers of the Bab, and later took the title of Bahaullah’s mission was about to bring unity of all the mankind. He invited the world’s religion followers to peaceful coexistence with amity and harmony. He claimed that he was unique, in giving the idea of ‘ Most Great Peace’ through ‘Religious unity’ and a ‘Global civilization’ as a chosen ‘Manifestation of God’. He claimed to be a messenger from God referring to the fulfillment of the eschatological expectations of Islam, Christianity, and other major religions. He wrote many religious works, most notably the Kitab i Aqdas, the Kitab i Iqan and Hidden Words. In the History of Sub-continent, Great Mughal emperor Jallal ud Din Mohammad Akbar (1542-1605) is also known for the great task of ‘Religious unity’. Disillusioned with orthodox Islam and perhaps hoping to bring about religious unity within his empire, Akbar promulgated Din i Ilahi, a syncretic creed derived from Islam, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, and Christianity. Majority of muslims condemned him to deform the real shape of true Islam. Akbar was deeply interested in religious and philosophical matters. In 1575, he built a hall called the Ibadat Khana ("House of Worship") at Fatehpur Sikri, to which he invited theologians, mystics and selected courtiers renowned for their intellectual achievements and discussed matters of spirituality with them. The policy of sulh-e-kul, which formed the essence of D┘n-e-Elāhi, was adopted by Akbar not merely for religious purposes, but as a part of general imperial administrative policy. With the passage of time D┘n-e-Elāhi lost its attraction and became a dead religion. It is interesting to make a comparison between the two.

Cultural Diversity and Human Resource Development in Modern Organization

Hybrid human resource management system (exhibiting strong mechanism for cultural accommodation without loss of ‘identity’) is discovered in Shifa International Hospital as diffused Human Resource Management model (based on individualism, democratic relationship and gender egalitarianism) has been adopted to organize Pakistani workforce according to international standards. This thesis argues that Shifa system is working on synergistic approach while considering indigenous assumption of employee relations, besides international standards of employee management. This thesis identifies that the prevailing employee management practices exhibit plural characteristics reflecting both foreign and local traits as a resultant of the confluence of local (collective self - identification, in equality and gender segregation) and North American cultural values (individualism, equality, and gender egalitarianism). This research has also uncovered that embedded assumptions of obligatory relations fairly influence the execution of impersonal HR policy in Shifa through internal and external interventions. It finally, depicts hybrid organizational culture reflecting both local and foreign traits as a continuum of individualism-collectivism, equality-inequality and gender differentiation- egalitarianism.