پرنس کائتانی ؍ پروفیسر گویدی ؍ پروفیسر اسنوک ہرخردنئے
امسال مرحوم مارما ڈیوک پکتھال کے علاوہ ن کو ہم سب جانتے تھے، کئی نامور مستشرقین نے وفات پائی، اٹلی کے پرنس کائتانی اور پروفیسر گویدی اور لائڈن کے پروفیسر اسنوک ہر خردنئے نے امسال ہماری دنیا کو الوداع کیا، پرنس کائتانی تاریخ اسلام کے عالم اور گویدی عربوں کے ریاضیات اور جغرافیہ کے ماہر اور اسنوک ہر خردنئے ’محمڈنزم‘ نامی کتاب کے مصنف ہیں جس کو انھوں نے خطبہ کی صورت میں امریکہ کی ’’مجلسِ تاریخِ مذاہب‘‘ میں پیش کیا تھا اور بھی دوسری کتابیں اور مضامین ان کے قلم سے نکلے تھے۔ (سید سلیمان ندوی، اکتوبر ۱۹۳۶ء)
There are two main sources of Islam, one is the Book of Allah and the other is the Sunnah and Sira of the Prophet (peace be upon him). The Qur'an is the final collection of 23 years of divine revelation revealed to the Holy Prophet (PBUH) whose literal and spiritual preservation was undertaken by Allah Almighty Himself. Therefore, the Qur'an is the only book in the world which has one letter, one action and one line in its original state just as it was revealed to the pure heart of the Holy Prophet (sws) and the Holy Prophet (sws). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told the Sahaabah. That is why the greatest truth of Islam, the book is the living Qur'an. The second major basis of the reality of Islam is the pure Sira and Sunnah of the Prophet of Humanity, the Servant of the Universe. Like the Qur'an al-Hakim, every moment, every day and every angle of the life of the author of the Qur'an is in front of everyone like an open book with all its mysteries. Even in front of one's own and in front of others. A da’if hadith is a hadith which does not fulfil the conditions of the sahih or hassan hadith.
Ruling: There is a difference of opinion between the ‘ulema on the ruling on acting upon weak hadiths. The reliable opinion is that weak hadiths can be acted upon for virtuous supererogatory deeds (fada’il al a’mal), for religious exhortation, and stories, and similar things that are not connected to legal rulings and tenants of belief.
Keywords: Hadith, Hadith e Da’eef, Derivation of Ahkaam, Jurists, Different opinions.
The research was conducted to explore the Secondary school Principals and teachers priorities regarding
change and innovation in curriculum. The objectives of the study were to analyze the secondary school
teachers and principals’ general views about the existing Humanities group curriculum (2002); to explore the
secondary school teachers’ and principals’ priorities regarding change and innovation in Humanities group
curriculum; to make a comparison between the priorities of the both (teachers & principals) and to find out
the barriers to curriculum change and innovation. For this purpose the descriptive and comparative research
design was used. A total sample of 150 Secondary school teachers and 25 principals was drawn from 25
Federal Government Secondary Schools of Rawalpindi and its surrounding areas.
The data was obtained through a structured five point likert scale questionnaire comprising both close and
open ended questions. The results indicated that the principals had more inclination towards change and
innovation with comparison to teachers. Related to prevailed curriculum, teachers showed more positive
views than principals. Further, a huge difference was also found between principals and teachers priorities.
Integration of ICT; concept based mode of study and incorporation of some local environmental issues were
some of the aspects highly prioritize mostly by the principals as compare to teachers.
The key recommendations involve the emphasis on teachers and principals’ participation in curriculum
development process and giving value to the priorities of the both for ensuring the effective implementation
of the curriculum.