The Holy Prophet (Saw) as an Embodiment of Peace: An Analysis of Extracts From the Text of Al-Quran and Sunnah

In view of the geo-politics of the twenty first century where despite the concerted efforts of the international community to maintain peace on the globe, the still is confronted with the wars and its worst consequences. One of the reasons for such unhappy developments is that religion is most of the time considered as war-mongering. This may be somewhat true in case of certain cases; however, the case of Islam is totally different. The very word Islam stands for peace. It was revealed on Prophet Muhammad (SAW) who remained an icon of peace and mercy for the whole Mankind. This paper was an attempt to highlight some of the guiding injunctions of Islam together with the peace-related overtures of the Last Prophet of Allah. The problem under study was to explore, “The Holy Prophet (SAW) as an embodiment of Peace—an analysis of extracts from the text of The Holy Quran and Sunnah”. The objectives were: 1, to highlight some of the commandments of Islam regarding peace; and 2, to pinpoint some of the peace-promoting instances from the life of the Holy Prophet (SAW). The methodology adopted was to highlight some of the peace-promoting text of the Holy Quran coupled with instances from the life of the Holy Prophet (SAW). It was found that Islam stands as religion for peace. The last messenger of Allah was a complete embodiment of peace in His disposition and practice. Hence the very text of the Holy Quran as ell as the life of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) provide some very cherished ideals and norms for the establishment of a peaceful global community.

Development and Characterization of Iron-Cobalt Feco Based Bulk Metallic Glass Bmg Materials

Bulk metallic glass (BMG) is an important class of materials possessing unique set of properties. Iron Cobalt (FeCo) based BMGs have properties especially suited for applications where high strength and wear resistance is required like surgical tools and mechanical precision elements. These can also be used in electromechanical conversion devices. The current thesis is aimed at the study of the mechanical properties of the FeCo based BMGs. Three FeCo-based BMGs with the compositions (Fe0.5Co0.5)69-xNb6B25+x (x = 0, 2, 4) were cast using electric arc melting and suction casting technique. For each composition three samples were prepared, tested, and analysed in as-cast, annealed and partially crystalline conditions. The as-cast alloys possessed high hardness that was found to increase with annealing and partial crystallization. Hardness values approaching 1400 HV were obtained for partially crystalline BMG alloy having the maximum boron content. In X-ray diffraction scans no peaks that indicate crystallinity in the BMG alloys were observed in the as-cast and annealed condition while small broad peaks were present in the diffraction patterns of partially crystalline alloy samples. Glass transition (Tg) and crystallization (Tx) temperatures of all the three BMG alloys in as-cast condition were above 800 K. Saturation magnetization (MS) has shown a decrease while magnetic coercivity (HC) increased with an increase in boron content of the alloy. The maximum value of MS (92 emu/g) was obtained for annealed BMG alloy with the maximum iron-cobalt content. Indentation of the BMG alloys resulted in the formation of the deformation zone underneath the indents that consisted of shear bands. Annealing of the cast FeCo based BMG alloys resulted in a decrease in the size of the deformation zone as compared to as-cast amorphous alloys mainly because of increase in strength of the alloys. Plastically deformed zone size calculations through available models show an overestimation of the zone size. Indentation of partially crystalline alloys (intrinsic composites) produced corner cracks while no cracks were observed in case of as-cast and annealed alloys. Palmqvist crack morphology was observed for corner cracks at all the indentation loads used. Indentation fracture toughness of intrinsic composites was obtained by calculations based on the measured corner crack lengths. Indentation fracture toughness values ranging in 1.85 MPa√m to 2.9 MPa√m, were obtained. Best mechanical properties and thermal stability was shown by the alloy with the highest boron content (29 at%) while better magnetic properties were exhibited by the other two BMG alloys.