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Effects of Quercetin on Biochemical and Clinical Parameters in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Thesis Info

Author

Sidra Khalid

Department

Department of Animal Sciences, QAU

Program

Mphil

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

43

Subject

Animal Sciences

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M. Phil BIO 3789

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676718845505

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سِک ماہی دی

سِک ماہی دی
جہلم دے دریا دا ٹھنڈا ٹھنڈا پانی اے
لَے اللہ دا ناں جے کشتی پار لنگھانی اے
دلبر ساتھوں دور ہے وسدا
ناز ، ادا تھیں دلڑی کھسدا
رستہ رب رسولؐ دا دسدا
آجا در تے چھیتی جے قسمت ازمانی اے
لَے اللہ دا ناں جے کشتی پار لنگھانی اے
دلبر دی میں دید دی پیاسی
دلبر باہجھوں رہے اداسی
کدوں اوہ سوہنا مکھ وکھاسی
ہک دن ماہی اِن شاء اللہ دید کرانی اے
لَے اللہ دا ناں جے کشتی پار لنگھانی اے
دلبر یار دا شہر سنگوئی
جس دی جگ وچ ریس ناں کوئی
پیر اصغر دی دیو دھروئی
جس نے اُس دا ورد پکایا اوہو مرد گیانی اے
لَے اللہ دا ناں جے کشتی پار لنگھانی اے

جہلم شہر ہے بڑا رنگیلا
اوگنہاراں دا اے وسیلہ
اوتھے جان دا کر کجھ حیلہ
عیباں والڑیاں دی تے ہو بخشش جانی اے
لَے اللہ دا ناں جے کشتی پار لنگھانی اے
ٹلے جوگی ریت بنائی
رانجھا آیا تلک لگائی
چنڑی رنگدیاں دیر نہ لائی
سجناں ریت قلندری ایہا بہت پرانی اے
لَے اللہ دا ناں جے کشتی پار لنگھانی اے
’’ڈھوک رجو‘‘ ہے پنڈ نرالا
جتھے وسدا اللہ والا
میلے دلاں نوں کرے اُجالا
کامل اکمل سوہنا مرشد جس دا فیض روحانی اے
لَے اللہ دا ناں جے کشتی پار لنگھانی اے

PRISON’S GOVERNANCE IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PRISONERS’ RIGHTS

Prison’s governance is gauged by safeguarding basic human rights in captivity and prisoners’ rights are detailed through rules, norms, and values. The present study assesses human rights paradigm enforced in Pakistan and evaluates the empirical situation in prisons in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa mirrored with the legal governance structure in vogue in the province. For assessment purpose primary data is collected through interviews from ex-prisoners, policemen on duty and some officials of prisons in the province. Documentary evidence is employed to ensure data accuracy before analysis. Secondary data has been utilized to form bases of recommendation in the light of empirics been evaluated. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Prisons Rules 2018, Nelson Mandela Rules and United Nations Rules make the necessary legal paradigm to view the problems been faced by prisoners in the prisons. In the light of these legal instruments recommendations have been framed for betterment in the system of prisons’ governance.

Utility Aware Resource Management for Device to Device Communication

Since the deployment of 1G cellular networks, cellular operators are constantly striving towards achieving higher data rates. Next generation networks are expected to meet the demands of subscribers for high data rates. To meet these challenging requests of higher data rates, the telecom research community is focusing its attention towards hexa dimensional resource management techniques in next generation cellular networks. These techniques include use of heterogeneous networks (hetnets), power allocation, channel allocation, broad band and efficient spectrum utilization, noise control methods and interference management. In next generation networks, a major portion of system throughput enhancements is expected to come from device to device (D2D) communication which is viewed as part of hetnets. In this thesis, D2D communication is considered the main enabling feature of hetnets to enhance throughput and its intelligent resource management is imperative. The scope of this work is further broadened by integration of cognitive radio network (CRN) concepts into the D2D resource management. To further boost data rates, D2D concept is extended by incorporation of communication among devices to devices (Ds2Ds) and their intelligent resource management. Resource management is a domain wherein resources are intelligently allocated to various users. Resource management aspects considered in this thesis include admission control, mode selection and power allocation. This work considers D2D joint resource allocation to maximize the overall throughput of cellular networks having D2D capabilities while observing the sanctity of constraints of power, quality of service (QoS) and interference. This problem is NP-complete and is classified as mixed integer non-linear optimization problem. Computational complexity of the exhaustive search algorithm (ESA) increases exponentially with the number of users. This makes it very difficult to find optimal solution for such kind of problems. In this work, convergent solutions for solving the joint resource allocation problem in D2D communication has been presented. By exploiting the special structure of the problem, outer approximation algorithm (OAA) and mesh adaptive direct search (MADS) algorithms have been used to obtain epsilon-optimal solution. Using joint utility function, different scenarios of simulation results confirm effectiveness of MADS viz-a-viz OAA. Performance of MADS was found to be equal to that of ESA. Cognitive assisted D2D network is an emerging domain which utilizes television (TV) white space spectrum. Joint resource allocation of CRN assisted D2D networks along with constraints of transmit power, QoS and interference (related to TV users) is considered in this thesis. The problem is mathematically modelled with a utility function having two terms related to maximization of admitted users and maximization of overall system throughput. MADS algorithm is adopted for solution of NP-complete problems. Simulation results compare different scenarios using ESA and MADS algorithm. Results of simulation testify to the fact that MADS provides solution close to optimal with reasonable complexity. In Ds2Ds resource management problem, the objective is to maximize energy efficiency of Ds2Ds communication, subject to compliance of constraints related to radio resources, quality of service (QoS) and interference. Performance of Ds2Ds is bench marked with multi-homing technique and devices to device (Ds2D) communication. The objective of maximization of energy efficiency reinforces the much sought-after green communication.