دیا نرائن نگم ، بی ۔ اے
اردو زبان کے مشہور پرانے رسالہ زمانہ کے اڈیٹر دیانرائن نگم نے اسی مہینہ وفات پائی، کالج سے نکلنے کے ساتھ انہوں نے بریلی میں زمانہ کو جو اردو کا ایک معمولی رسالہ تھا، اپنی ادارت میں لیا اور اس کو کانپور لائے اور اس حد تک چمکایا کہ اردو کے رسالوں میں گناجانے لگا، بلکہ اس وقت وہ اردو کا سب سے پرانا رسالہ ہے، پریم چند آنجہانی کو وہی سب سے پہلے اسٹیج پر لائے، ان کے علاوہ اور بہت سے اچھے لکھنے والے اور کہنے والے ہندو اور مسلمان نوجوانوں نے ان کے سایۂ قلم میں تربیت پائی اور کہنا چاہئے کہ زمانہ صرف انہی کی بدولت ہندو اور مسلمان اہل قلم کا سنگم اب تک رہا اور اس کو دیکھ کر تسکین ہوتی تھی کہ ہندو مسلمانوں کی پرانی تہذیب کے شیدائی ہندو ابھی تک زندہ ہیں۔
مدت سے جسے دورِ زماں میٹ رہا ہے
امید ہے کہ زمانہ آئندہ بھی اپنے بانی کی یادگار میں اس کی بنائی ہوئی روش پر چلتا رہے گا۔ تاکہ اس اختلاف آباد ہند کی اس آندھی میں دیانرائن کا یہ دیا جلتا رہے۔
(سید سلیمان ندوی، دسمبر ۱۹۴۲ء)
Allah sent Hadrat Muhammad (SAW) as last Prophet and preserved his all aspect of life for the complete guidance of mankind. Love with the Holy Prophet (SAW) is a part of the Faith. But it has become the standard of his love that all the things which are attributed to him either authentic or unauthentic are accepted without research. Regarding the S╚rah (life) of Holy Prophet (SAW) numerous authentic narrations are exist, but on the other hand some fabricated narrations also mentioned by the story-teller historians, so be careful while propagating these narrations. Some narrations are very famous regarding the birth of the Holy prophet (SAW) which are far away from the reality. In this article some narrations regarding the birth of the Holy prophet (SAW) are scholarly reviewed in the light of the views of the scholars of Jarh-o- Ta‘d┘l in order to find their legal status.
Optimization of surface roughness has been one of the primary objectives in most of the machining operations. Poor control on the desired surface roughness generates non conforming parts and results in increase in cost and loss of productivity due to rework or scrap. Surface roughness value is a result of several process variables among which vibration is of great significant. In this study, experimentation was carried out to investigate the effect of vibrations, forced and self excited, on surface roughness. For forced vibration, variable used to represent machine tool’s condition was vibration amplitude. Input parameters used, besides vibration amplitude, were feed rate and insert nose radius. Cutting speed and depth of cut were kept constant. Based on Taguchi orthogonal array, a series of experimentation was designed and performed on AISI 1040 carbon steel bar at default and induced machine tool’s vibration amplitudes in external turning operation. Analysis of variance, ANOVA, revealed that vibration amplitude and feed rate had moderate effect on the surface roughness and insert nose radius had the highest significant effect on the surface roughness. It was also found that a machine tool with low vibration amplitude produced lower surface roughness. Insert with larger nose radius produced lower surface roughness at low feed rate. The optimum conditions obtained through Taguchi were found in reasonable agreerment to those obtained with full factorial design through Genetic Algorithm. Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Secondly, experiments related to self excited vibration in internal turning operation were selected. Taguchi method was employed to minimize the surface roughness by investigating the rake angle effect in boring performed on a CNC lathe. The control parameters included, in addition to rake angle, were insert nose radius, cutting speed, depth of cut, and feed rate. Slight tool wear was taken as a noise factor. Based on Taguchi Orthogonal Array L18, a series of experiments were designed and performed on AISI 1018 steel. It was found that tool with a high positive rake angle and smaller insert nose radius produced lower surface roughness value due to low cutting forces generated. It was also revealed that high feed rate and low cutting speed has produced the lowest surface roughness. Key words: turning; optimization; Taguchi; surface roughness; vibration amplitude, ANOVA