اقتدار اور اسیری
ذوالفقار علی بھٹو شہید نے صرف چار سال اور بیس دن سیاست جبکہ پانچ سال ،چھ ماہ اور پندرہ دن حکومت کی جس کے بعد پھانسی کی سزا ہوئی ۔تحریک ،قتدار اور اسیری کا یہ کل دورانیہ بارہ سال اور پانچ دن ہے ۔نواز شریف کو سیاست میں تیس برس گزر چکے ہیں ۔مولانا فضل الرحمن کو سینتیسواں سال ہے اور عمران نیازی کو بائیس سال ۔
ذوالفقار علی بھٹو شہید کو پھانسی دینے والے ڈکٹیٹر کو بھی قتدار کے گیارہ سال ایک ماہ اور بارہ دن ملے مگر ان میں سے کوئی بھی ذوالفقار علی بھٹو شہید کا متبادل نہ بن سکا ۔اب یہ بھٹو کا کرشمہ ہے یا بھرپور طاقت اور وقت ملنے کے باوجود متبادل بننے کی کوشش کرنے والے لیڈروں کی نااہلی کہ بھٹو زندہ ہے ۔
دنیا کی تاریخ میں بہت کم ایسے لیڈر ہیں جنہوں نے اتنے گہرے اثرات مرتب کیے ہیں ۔ایسا صرف مذہبی تحریکوں میں ممکن ہوا ہے یا بھٹو نے ممکن کر دکھایا ہے ۔بھٹو ضدی تھا ۔اسے جب تک تسلیم نہیں کیا جائے گا اور وہ اپنی جنگ جیت یگا ۔کہیں لکھ کر رکھ لیں وہ مرنے والا نہیں ۔ذوالفقار علی بھٹو شہید نے کہا تھا کہ آخری قہقہہ عوام کا ہو گا ۔
مجھے لگتا ہے کہ پاکستان کے عوام ادھر وہ قہقہہ لگائیں گے اور ادھر بھٹو آنکھ مار کر مر جائے گا ۔ذوالفقار علی بھٹو شہید صرف پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کی پراپرٹی نہیں ہے بلکہ یہ پاکستان کی پراپرٹی بھی ہے ۔وہ ہمارا منتخب وزیر اعظم تھا ۔ہمیں دوسرے خطوں سے ہیروز امپورٹ کر نے پڑتے ہیں ۔بھٹو ہمار ا وہ مقامی ہیرو ہے جسے ہم دنیا میں ایکسپورٹ کرتے ہیں ۔
اٹل بہارئی واجپائی بھی...
We can divide human beings into two categories: Leaders and Followers. Leaders are a few, the rest of the overwhelming majority of the human beings are followers. They show an earnest tendency of following or obligingness towards their leaders. This capacity of the following is exploited and abused by the egoist and toxic leaders to bring destruction to their followers and the world. The author of the paper tries to explore and determine the motives of obligingness or complaisance of blind following. The author studies this phenomenon in the light of theories of the hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow, The Situational Factor by Philip Zimbardo, the Function of Labeling by Albert Bandura and Ego Depletion by Michael Cholbi. These theories have earned good acceptance from the experts. The theories are found helpful to understand the mentality of leaders and their followers as described by the Qur’ān. These theories are applied to some selected cases from the Qur’ān to reach a better understanding of the phenomenon. The Qur’ān at many places describes and discusses this human tendency. It presents dialogue between the leaders and their blind followers in the life hereafter, the person of Pharaoh, his maneuvering, his courtiers, the common people of Egypt, the followers of pagan chieftains and their opposition to the prophets give us ample description to know how blind following actually works under the influence of leadership. The author hopes that this study helps understand the mentality of the present day leaders and their blind or complaisant followers.
An effort has been made to find out the exact solitary wave solutions of several PDEs. These partial differential equations are globally accepted as the governing equations of the fields they are related to. Finding their new exact solutions is not only exciting mathematically. It is also a service towards a better understanding of the phenomena themselves. In recent decades, nonlinear wave phenomena and their governing equations have attracted great attention. They arise in several fields of science and engineering including hydrodynamics, condensed matter physics, Bose-Einstein-condensation, nonlinear optics, Josephson junctions, biophysics, field theory etc. To solve these partial differential equations (PDEs), some methods and tools have been developed in the past. This work is mainly concerned with a specific class of exact solutions, called the solitary wave solutions. These types of solutions are of great interest for scientists and engineers working in the fields of fiber optics and wave propagation etc. We have found new soliton solutions to some well-known nonlinear PDEs such as the , Camassa-Holm-ΚP equations, generalized Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (ZK-BBM) equation, generalized Zakharov-Kuznetsov(ZK) equation, perturbed nonlinearSchrödinger’s equation in the form ofKerr law nonlinearity(NLSE) equation (2+1)dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (KP-BBM) wave equation, (3+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation, modified Kortewgde Vries-Zakharov-Kuznetsov (KdV-ZK) equation, fourth order Boussinesq equation, Landau-Ginburg-Higgs equation, Cahn-Allen equation, two-mode modified Korteweg-de Vries (TmKdV) equation and nonlinear Schrödinger equation. These new solutions are more generalized and are supposed to give better simulations of the real-world problems to which the PDEs correspond. It is also expected from our study that the computer simulators used to mimic the wave propagation can be enhanced on the basis of our exact solutions. We have used some transformations to convert the PDEs, at hand, to the corresponding ODEs. To extract solitary wave solutions to these PDEs, certain balancing principles are implemented. The shapes and behaviors of these solutions are simulated graphically with the help of the mathematical software Maple. Descriptions of the parameters and the values that have been used to simulate the waves are also provided. We have not only determined some totally novel solutions to the equations under consideration, but also, we have managed to generalize many already existing solutions.