81. Al-Takwir/The Wrapping Up
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
81:01
a. When the sun will be wrapped up and its radiation ceases,
81:02
a. and when the stars will fade away,
81:03
a. and when the mountains will be set to move and become scattered dust,
81:04
a. and when the pregnant she-camels will be abandoned by the herdsmen,
81:05
a. and when the wild beasts will be herded together,
81:06
a. and when the seas/oceans will be made to surge and swell into massive flooding,
81:07
a. and when the souls will be paired and joined with one’s deeds,
81:08
a. and when the female infant, buried alive, will be asked:
81:09
a. ‘for what sin/offence was she slain/buried alive?’
81:10
a. And when the pages/scrolls of deeds of every individual will be laid open/unrolled,
81:11
a. and when the celestial realm will be ripped off,
81:12
a. and when the Blazing Fire will be ignited and set ablaze,
Surah 81 * Al-Takwir 717
81:13
a. and when the Paradise will be brought close to those who would have merited it,
81:14
a. then every soul will know what it had presented for this time!
81:15
a. So I swear by those receding stars/planets,
81:16
a. the stars/planets withdrawing into themselves.
81:17
a. And the night as it recedes/close in,
81:18
a....
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Two hundred and twenty bread wheat genotypes with diverse origin were preliminary evaluated under normal temperature and heat stress conditions under field condition. Four heat stress tolerant and three thermolabile wheat strains were selected on the basis of stress tolerance index and relative grain yield performance ratio. These seven genotypes were crossed in diallel fashion including reciprocals. F 1 progenies were evaluated in field and laboratory by laying out two set of experiments, according to RCBD with three replications, one each under normal and heat stress condition. All the agronomic practices were carried out as and when required. Various physio- morphological traits were studied On grand mean basis a considerable reduction in almost all attributes was observed in heat stress as compared to normal temperature regime except for canopy temperature depression and cell membrane thermostability, which showed 17.05 and 6.24 % increase under heat stress condition respectively. Additive gene action with partial dominance was revealed for days to heading, days to anthesis, spike index at anthesis, plant height, spikes per plant, spike length, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, dry biomass per plant at maturity, grain set index, kernels per unit spike dry weight, CTD and CMT while overdominance type of gene action was observed for the attributes viz., spikelets per spike, days to maturity, dry biomass per plant at anthesis and harvest index. Out of seven parents, the best performance under both temperature regimes was showed by genotype BKR-02, which had the maximum value of grain yield per plant and most of its components. This parental genotype exhibited high spike index at anthesis, dry biomass per plant at anthesis, grain set index, number of grains per unit dry spike weight justifying high grain yield in heat stress. Considerable crosses under normal temperature regime were BKR-02 x SH-02, Ch-86 x SH-02, SH-02 x BKR -02 and SH-02 x Ch-86. However, in heat stress regime hybrids with best performance include BKR-02 x V00183, BKR-02 x SH-02, V00183 x Ch-86, SH-02 x BKR-02 and SH-02 x Ch-86. Similarly F1 hybrids as mentioned above registered good performance for various physio-morphological traits confirming the validity of techniques involved for determination of high yielding thermotolerant wheat genotypes for hot irrigated dry climate. Overall situation displayed the significant role of both additive and non-additive genetic variability suggesting the involvement of integrated heat stress breeding strategies which can potentially exploit the additive and non-additive genetic variability in stress free and heat stress conditions.