محتشم عبدالغنی مرحوم
جناب محتشم عبدالغنی مرحوم کا تعلق سرزمین بھٹکل سے ہے، ہندوستان کے مغربی ساحل پر بحر عرب کی موجوں کی بے تابی، نمی، خنکی، گہرائی اور گیرائی کے ہمہ وقت نظارے میں محو، بھٹکل کی یہ ساحلی زمین، مردم خیز رہی ہے، جناب محتشم عبدالغنی بھی اپنی دینی، تعلیمی اور سماجی خدمات کی وجہ سے بھٹکل کے قابل فخر فرزند تھے، نام و نمود سے دور رہنے اور خموشی کو ترجیح دینے اور تجارت میں مصروف رہنے کے باوجود ان کی ملت کے لیے دل سوزی اور مقاصد کے مطلوب سرمستی ورعنائی نے ان کو بڑی مقبولیت عطا کی تھی، دارالعلوم ندوۃالعلما کی مجلس انتظامیہ اور آل انڈیا مسلم پرسنل لا بورڈ کے وہ رکن اساسی تھے، مسلم یونی ورسٹی علی گڑھ کی کورٹ کے معزز ممبر بھی تھے، قوم و ملت کے اداروں کے لیے فکر مند اور عملاً ان کی بہود و ترقی کے لیے کوشاں رہے لیکن ان کی جدوجہد، ایثار و قربانی کا سب سے حسین مرقع بھٹکل بلکہ گواسے کیرلا تک پورا مغربی ساحل ہے، دینی، اخلاقی، تعلیمی، تجارتی اور سیاسی لحاظ سے یہ پورا خطہ دوسروں کے لیے قابل تقلید ہے، وہاں کے مسلمانوں کی اس بیداری میں بے شبہ محتشم عبدالغنی مرحوم کی خدمات سب سے نمایاں ہیں، بھٹکل میں ان کو قائد قوم کہا جاتا تھا، حق یہ ہے کہ ان کی قیادت کی ضرورت پوری ملت اسلامیہ ہندیہ کو تھی۔
راقم الحروف کو ان کی خدمت میں حاضر ہونے کا موقع ملا، جسمانی لحاظ سے وہ قد آور اور وجیہ و شکیل تھے، دل بھی اتنا ہی پاک اور شفاف تھا، گفتگو کی دل کشی ان کے لہجے کی معصومیت سے اور سوا ہوجاتی تھی، وہ مولانا سید ابوالحسن علی ندوی کے بڑے عقیدت مند تھے اور اسی عقیدت کی وجہ سے دارالعلوم ندوۃالعلما سے...
Hafiz Ibn-e-Kaseer’s ‘Al-Bidaya Wan-Nehaya’ maintains a remarkable position in the field of historiography. In this valuable book, he has described the occurrences of the important nations of the past and the epochs of the previous Prophets up to his own era. Although ‘Al-Bidaya Wan-Nehaya’ is basically a book of ‘History’, yet the worthy author has referred to numerous salient events pertaining to the life and mission of the holy Prophet (SAW). A considerable portion of the book, about two thousand pages, relates to the biograph of the Holy Prophet (SAW). Hafiz Ibn-e-Kaseer’s mode of ‘Seerah-writing’ differs from all other biographers in certain aspects. There are some distinctive marks which distinguish his biography from others. The following Article is an analytic account of the characteristic features and merits as well as deficiencies and shortcomings of ‘Al-Bidaya wan-Nehaya’ with special reference to the science ‘Seerat-Writing’ and it aims at determining its credibility as a source of Prophetic Biography
Higher female labor force participation (FLFP) is one of contributing factors in achieving economic growth, poverty reduction and women empowerment. Though FLFP has increased from 14 % in 2001-02 to 22 % in 2017-18 but still Pakistan is lagging behind in FLFP rate as compared to other developing countries in the world including those in the South Asian region. The present study has explored four important dimensions of labor market by looking into: a) the contributing factors of low FLFP in Pakistan b) the important factors associated with different employment statuses of women c) the high share of unpaid family workers in total employment of women and d) the issue of out of labor force educated women. For addressing, the first three objectives we have used latest micro data set of Labor Force Survey (LFS) of Pakistan 2017-18. For the out of labor force analysis of educated women we have used individual and household data set of Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) Survey 2013-14. We found very important insights from our empirical analysis of nature and causes of low FLFP in Pakistan. The empirical evidence for the contributing factors of FLFP indicates that women residing in urban areas are less likely to be the part of labor force activities. Higher secondary and above levels of education are positively associated with FLFP in Pakistan. Women who have never migrated, living in joint family systems, and those who have ever received technical or vocational trainings are also more likely to participate in labor force activities. In order to observe the quality of employment we have analyzed different factors associated with different employment statuses of women. According to the empirical analysis urban women are more likely to be engaged either as paid employees or employers as compared to their rural counterparts, whereas women who are residing in rural areas are more likely to be engaged in employment statuses such as own account workers or unpaid/contributing family workers. As the level of education increases then there is more probability for women to be engaged as paid employees or employers. Number of children at home (age 5 years or below) is seen to be negatively affecting a woman’s employment status as a paid employee, and as an unpaid/contributing family worker. The study also highlighted the issue of high share (52%) of unpaid/contributing family workers in total employment of women. According to our study the young girls (10 to 15 years) are more likely to work as unpaid/contributing family workers than the women of other age groups. At the same time the empirical evidence also suggests the presence of disguised unemployment in unpaid/contributing workers category. Besides that, women who are residing in urban areas and who have migrated from other provinces are less likely to work as unpaid/contributing family workers. The issue of out of labor force women is another important reason of low FLFP in Pakistan. According to the empirical evidence women who decide for themselves to opt for paid employment are more likely to the part of the labor force. The study provides important insights for policy makers to improve the FLFP profile of Pakistan.