حلالہ اور مروجہ حلالہ سنٹرز: ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Almighty Allah made marriage a source of affection and love among the human beings. He also ordered to uphold this relation as much as possible. If, on one way or the other the relationship of a couple becomes so unpleasant that their family life becomes impossible to move any more further. In this case the Islamic “Sharia’h” recommends opening of the ways for their respectable separation in the shapes of “Divorce” and “Khula’a” (divorce obtained on wife’s initiative, s). Though Islamic sharia’h has declared “Divorce” as legal act, yet marriage being a great sacred relation which is desired to be retained intact to the maximum, it has been named as the most unpleasant among the permissible acts in Islam. Some human beings very abruptly break the same relation (Nikah) without proper consideration. Some of these persons later on repent on what they have done. Allah Almighty  therefore, very affectionately has allowed men after uttering two times the words, ‘Divorcee (Talaq) at different times to reconcile with their wives. But if he disrespecting this great relation stress-passes the final time and utters the word “Divorce” (Talaq) for the third time in his life so the religion has fixed certain punishment for his this very irresponsible act as a punishment that though, both spouses may agree to continue their married life, Islam does not allow them to do so, prior to undergoing the process of re-marrying  the woman with another person to fulfill the condition of her reunion with her first husband. This process is called “Halala”  In the article under reference side by side with presenting the literal meaning and idiomatic definitions of Halala, its Shari status has also been elaborated. Efforts  have been intensified to recollect the different views of all jurists  regarding this practice and examine the same analytically. In addition to that with the help of irrefutable proofs, the adverse effects of the so called “Halala, s centers” have been proved to warn the people to stay away from them.

Organizational Power and Politics: Investigating the Mediating Role of Organizational Justice on Work Attitudes

Involvement of employees in politics within organization is not a new occurrence. Therefore, in history there are many events noted in which faculty and administration have actively participated in demonstrations of strikes, marches and media activities that were very frequently happenning in Universities of Sindh. This study investigates perception of politics in universities of Sindh and its negative effects on employees work related attitudes including job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, turnover intentions and work-related burnout. It explores the involvement of university teaching faculty and administrative staff in politics growing the trend of politicizing the educational systems and manipulation of education for political interests. Moreover, it has been argued by many scholars that the presence of organizational justice can reduce the occurrence of political games among workers. Therefore, this study also examines the mediating role of organizational justice to check whether the presence of organizational justice and its dimensions can reduce the negative effects of politics or not. A survey has been conducted through a well-structured questionnaire among 500 respondents as well as teaching and administrative staff from different pubic universities of Sindh Province.The study concluded that there is significant relationship between perceptions of organizational politics and organizational justice. The main effects of analysis have also revealed that perceptions of politics have significant relationship with most of outcomes studied in this research. As for mediating effects of OJ on outcomes relationship, the results have shown significant mediating effects of organizational justice (OJ) with organizational politics (OP) for all outcomes except one (work related burnout).