Women and Feminism: A Discourse Analysis of Contemporary Theories and Islamic Teachings

Modern social activists through media present Islam’s view about women as an oppressed figure linked to her sexuality through so-called liberalism; her oppression is particularly symbolized by obsessive concern with sex, women’s bodies, the veil, and female isolation. While on factual grounds such mind set and groups have oppressed women by judging their worth as persons based on physical attractiveness. Such modern trends and feministic approaches have turned the image of woman as tool of entertainment or attraction. Those who are convinced by such modern values regard woman‘s status in Islam as inferior on the basis of several issues including; guardianship in marriage, polygamy, divorce right. Unfortunately this horrible disease has crept into Muslim societies in the name of cultural interrelation which is in total disregard for our purity and distinguishing values. The magnitude of women rights in Islam with comparison to feminism has been covered in this brief paper. The first part of the paper gives image of women in western society and bases for initiatives taken for feminism movement in west. Second part of the paper gives a comparison between Islamic approach of women rights and feminism. Third part of the paper describes the view of women liberation and modernity in western society. In fourth part of the paper discussion about women oppression has been presented. In fifth part Islamic view of women rights has been given through Quranic verses and references which is followed by findings and conclusion of the whole discussion

The Effect of Premedication With Intravenous Lornoxicam on Propofol Injection Pain at Induction of General Anaesthesia in Adults: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background: Propofol is widely used for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia and offers many key attractive pharmacological qualities that make it suitable for these indications. However, pain on injection is one of its major drawbacks and can be very distressing to patients. There is a paucity of studies that have looked at the effect of lornoxicam on propofol injection pain either as a sole intervention or in combination with any other method. Primary objective: To determine whether premedication with intravenous lornoxicam had any effect on the intensity of propofol injection pain at induction of general anaesthesia in adult patients. Secondary Objectives: (I)To determine whether premedication with lornoxicam had any effect on the incidence of propofol injection pain at induction of general anaesthesia in adult patients.(II)To document any adverse events (allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, gastritis and/or gastrointestinal bleeding, dizziness, phlebitis) that resulted from the administration of intravenous lornoxicam for the purposes of this study. Study Design: A single centre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Methods: 121 adult patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 and 2 were recruited from the anaesthesia clinic, day care surgery unit and the wards and randomized into the intervention and control groups following informed consent. The intervention group received 8mg of lornoxicam intravenously thirty minutes prior to induction of general anaesthesia while the control group received normal saline (inactive placebo) intravenously. Both groups then received a propofol-lignocaine admixture at induction of general anaesthesia and the pain scores during propofol injection were recorded using the critical care pain observation tool (CPOT). Results: Patients baseline characteristics were similar across both the intervention and the control groups. The lornoxicam group had a better mean pain score (0.6 ± 0.8) compared to placebo (4.5 ± 1.2), a statistically significant difference of 3.9 (95% CI, 3.57 to 4.32), t (119) = 21.1, P < .001. vi Conclusion: Premedication with lornoxicam, when combined with the fairly standard practice of a propofol-lignocaine admixture, significantly reduces the intensity of propofol injection pain at induction of general anaesthesia in adult patients.