The Prophet Muḥammad (S. A. W) : A Universal Messenger of Peace (An Overview of the Prophet Muḥammad (SAW) ’s Relations With the Non-Muslims

Islām, as the religion of peace and mercy, teaches and preaches peace, justice, tolerance, goodwill and equality among the human beings. Being the trustee of Allāh, man has been prescribed some requirements for the regulation of human conduct. The Prophet Muḥammad (r) is the personification of these teachings and commandments of Allāh. His conduct is “the Perfect Example” and “the Role Model” to be followed by human beings. He has been titled in The Qur’ān as (al-Raḥmah) the mercy for all the worlds. Whatever aspect of the Prophet Muḥammad (r) ’s life is investigated, it is proved to be unbiased and stands as a hallmark for the universal peace, justice, tolerance and equality, not only for the believers, but, for the non-Muslims, even for the worst enemies, as well. The first part of this paper describes the concept of peace in Islām and the role of the Prophet Muḥammad (r) as the messenger of the religion of peace. The second part of the paper focuses on the characteristics of the Prophet Muḥammad (r) as the messenger of peace in every aspect of life. While the third part of the paper is about the study of the historical facts, which discuss the life of the Prophet Muḥammad (r) as a historical figure and there is no doubt in his personality and character.

Al Qaida, Apologist and Agents: Narratives and Counter Narratives of Violence

The study aims to test the hypothesis that the conflict between the militants and the west being inherently ideological involves three parties which include, the militants, the apologists and those whom Al-Qaida label as agents of the west. The conflict has serious implications internalized to the Muslim societies in terms of even changing the boundaries of faith through the interplay of socio-political variables. Though, violence emerged in the Muslim societies in terms of a means of emancipation or identity when the state became irrelevant to deal with the conflict situation. The failure of state apparatus resulted in codification of violence at individual or group level and sometimes between the states as well. The grounds for codification were secured from juxtaposition of socio-political variables with the religious beliefs. Since, the paradigms of codification were largely provided by socio-political variables, thus, these variables continued to be relevant to the espousal of the codes of war by the militants. However, the militants have always looked towards religion to seek legitimacy to their acts of violence. The study exposing the fallacy of the narratives offered by the militants, the apologists and Al-Qaida labeled agents, offers a counter narrative to unmask their true facets. The counter narrative will reinterpret the primary sources, unravel the historical and socio-political constructs, unmask the heroes and enemies, challenge the theories and dichotomy of practices, re-establish the boundaries between heresy and faith and attempts to transform the current ideological discours