فرزند مولانا حبیب الرحمن خان شروانی
ماہ گزشتہ میں ہماری مجلس کے دو محترم ارکان بلکہ اساطین کو ’’وداعِ عزیز‘‘ کے دو جانگزا صدمے برداشت کرنے پڑے، مولانا حبیب الرحمن خان شروانی کو اپنے ’’محبوب‘‘ فرزند کی مفارقت دائمی کا داغ اٹھانا پڑا اور حسام الملک نواب سید علی حسن خان کو اپنے برادر بزگوار نظام الملک نواب سید نورالحسن خان کی دائمی جدائی کا غم سہنا پڑا، یہ دونوں بزرگوار ہماری مجلس کے دست و بازو ہیں، ان کا صدمات سے دو چار ہونا ہمارے لئے لازمۂ غم اور داعیۂ ماتم ہے،
لایحزن اﷲ ’’الحبیب‘‘ فانّنی
لآخذ من حالاتہ بنصیب
مرنے والوں کے لئے دعائے مغفرت انسان کے غم کا علاج نہیں، لیکن اس کی روحانی تشفی کا باعث ہے، اللھم الحقھما بالرفیق الاعلے۔ (سید سليمان ندوی’، نومبر ۱۹۱۷ء)
Islam is the only religion which is complete code of life. The needs of human beings have been felt and addressed properly. In spite of created by only one creator humans are different in their potentials, behavior and attitude. Owing to this difference, the incomes of people are drastically different from each other. As a result, a few people are rich and well off whereas some are poor- being up to sustenance level. Therefore, people cooperate with each other to eliminate the class differences of social strata. In this perspective, Islam has given an invulnerable perfect socio-economic system. For mutual cooperation, Islam has also addressed the issue and suggested different steps such as madharabah, partnership and tenancy. Bedsides Islam has also focused on secondary resources of mutual cooperation and support that are typically related to the personal concern. It includes: sacrifice, gift, free lending and Qarz-e- Hasanah etc. It also reflects that the man gives precedence to congregational matters over his individuality which is an ample example of mutual cooperation. In fact, mutual cooperation is one of those key factors on which the edifice of prosperous society is built. All religions and ideologies have focused and emphasized on the mutual cooperation; however, Islam lays extra emphasis to build a strong and thriving human state.
Essay writing is one of the basic and most prized competencies in our post-industrial and global world. One of the serious indictments of the traditional teaching approaches to essay writing is their essential inadequacies and incompatibilities with the present-day pedagogical trends. Writing essays in SL is, indeed, one of the most difficult and most significant tasks we engage our students in as human beings. Writing essays can assist us to find out what we think, and consequently, to know who we are. Not only does it help us to interact with others, but also to participate in our discourse community. Moreover, essay writing also requires from a writer to communicate persuasively in a disciplined way. In short, essays entail creativity of ideas and thoughts which reveal the critical perspective of the writer, and a form which is intelligible, logical and free from errors of lexis, syntax, discourse, spelling and punctuation. The following research study was, in fact, conducted to find out how SL teachers teach essay writing to learners to develop communicative/discourse competence in them to enable them to perform in real-life situations. Further, the study was carried out to realize the assessment practices of the teachers in two of the universities of Pakistan. It was, primarily, a mixed method research, utilizing quantitative and qualitative paradigms of research. For this purpose, the researcher made use of the Common European Framework of Reference 2001 (a worldwide renowned document for teaching and testing of English language) for language teaching and testing as a theoretical framework and designed questionnaires, an interview guide and an observation sheet for data collection. These instruments were pilot tested, and their validity and reliability were established thereby. Later, the questionnaires were administered to learners and teachers. Moreover, the researcher conducted interviews of the teachers and made the classroom observations as well. These three different research tools were used to triangulate, compare, contrast, and validate the data. The quantitative data were analyzed through SPSS (version 21), and the qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The research findings demonstrate that there exist gaps in the teaching and testing practices. Finally, it has been, therefore, recommended that a student-centered, content-based and task-oriented communicative classrooms ought to be created in such a way that the learners’ linguistic needs and content goals along with communicative/discourse competence in essay writing could develop to deal with the real-life challenges.