عصمت أنبیاء سے بظاہر متعارض صحیحین کی بعض أحادیث کا علمی جائزہ

Abstract: Prophets and Messengers have the holiest status amongst Allah’s creation. They are the caliph of Allah in the world. Allah’s characteristics which can be present in a human after Him are present in Prophets and Messengers. That’s why Umma believes in their innocence. The purpose of their prophecy is guidance and breeding of the humanity. One of the most effective tool for breeding is that the breeder must possess the qualities which bring people closer to him. For this reason، Prophets/Messengers should be free and away from all hateful and bad habits. Some hadiths from the Hadith books are seen which appear inappropriate and against prophets grace and honor. That’s why some people have rejected those hadiths for being against prophets’ honor. In this article، we will discuss the hadith present in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim which appear against the honor of the prophets.

Steady Flow of Fluids With Variable Viscosity

Nanofluids have wide range applications in processes involving heat transfer due to their proficient thermal conductivity. Such fluids exhibit substantial viscosity variation with temperature. This dissertation presents oblique stagnation point flow of variable viscosity nanofluid over a stretching surface. Porous medium, magnetic field, heat generation, thermal radiation and homogeneous-heterogeneous effects along with partial slip, thermal slip and convective surface are considered. Micro-rotation phenomenon is also fused with nanofluid flow comprising micropolar nanofluid. Nanofluid thermal conductivity is estimated by Maxwell-Garnett model, Hamilton Crosser thermal conductivity model is also employed when shape effects of nanoparticles are considered. Flow problems are first modeled and afterwards converted to non-linear system of ODEs via appropriate similarity transformations. Numerical solutions are obtained via stable and efficient Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme with shooting quadrature and Keller-Box scheme. The impact of key emerging dimensionless parameters on non-dimensional normal, tangential velocity constituents, temperature, shear stress (at wall), heat flux along with streamlines distribution is visualized by graphs.