بدرالدین طیب جی
یہ خبر نہایت رنج و غم سے سنی جائے گی کہ ۲۸؍ دسمبر کو بدرالدین فیض حسن طیب جی نے نئی دہلی کی اپنی رہائش گاہ میں داعی اجل کو لبیک کہا، ان کا تعلق بمبئی کے ایک متمول خاندان اور سلیمانی بوہرہ جماعت سے تھا، یہ خاندان گجرات کے ساحلی علاقے کامبے سے منتقل ہوکر انیسویں صدی کے اوائل میں بمبئی میں آباد ہوا، بدرالدین طیب جی (۱۹۰۶ء۔ ۱۸۴۴ء) نے اس خاندان کی عظمت و وقار میں بڑا اضافہ کیا، وہ بمبئی ہائی کورٹ کے جج بمبئی لیجلسٹیو کونسل کے ممبر، انجمن اسلام بمبئی ایسوسی ایشن اور انڈین نیشنل کانگریس کے بانیوں میں تھے، ۱۸۸۷ء میں انڈین نیشنل کانگریس کا تیسرا اجلاس مدراس میں ہوا تو انہوں نے اس کی صدارت کی، غرض وہ اپنی اصلاحی، تعلیمی، سیاسی اور قومی خدمات کی بناء پر ملک کے ہر فرقہ و مذہب میں مشہور و مقبول تھے۔
بدرالدین فیض حسن طیب جی انہی نامور دادا کے نامور پوتے تھے، ان کی ولادت ۱۹۰۷ء میں ہوئی، سینٹ زیوینر کالج بمبئی کے بعد وہ حصول علم کے لئے آکسفورڈ گئے ۱۹۳۲ء میں انڈین سول سروس میں شامل ہوئے اور مختلف عہدوں پر فائر رہنے کے بعد ۱۹۶۷ء میں سرکاری ملازمت سے سبکدوش ہوئے، وہ ایک کامیاب اور نیک نام آئی۔سی۔ایس افسر تھے۔ وزارت خارجہ اور کامن ویلتھ کے سکریٹری اور انڈونیشیا، بیلجیم، جرمنی، ایران اور جاپان وغیرہ میں ہندوستان کے سفیر بھی رہے۔
۱۹۶۲ء میں وہ علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی کے وائس چانسلر مقرر ہوئے۔ یہ بڑا نازک اور سخت بحران کا دور تھا مگر طیب جی نے تین برس تک یہ عظیم اور بھاری ذمہ داری بڑے تدبر اور ہوش مندی سے انجام دی، وہ بڑے معاملہ فہم، اصول و ضابطہ کے پابند تھے، اپنی سخت گیری، نظم و ضبط کی پابندی اور یونیورسٹی میں...
Mufti Muhammad Shafi' was a great spiritual leader, Pakistan's grand mufti and a renowned Islamic scholar as well. He served in different fields with his knowledge, research and writings. He translated and wrote the interpretation of the Holy Qur’ān, he had keen grasp on Fiqh, Hadith and other religious affairs. Thousands of fatwas had been issued by him and he built a well known Islamic university named ‘Jamia Darul uloom Karachi.’ He participated in politics as well for the national cause and struggled too much for the Islamic contribution in the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. This research paper is about his efforts that he made for the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be on him). He wrote several books on Seerat-e-Nabawi, he defended Khatm-e-Nubuwwat and fought against Qadyaniyyat. This report has the abstract frame on specific grounds regarding Sīrah, Sunnah and teachings of Holy Prophet. It will portray a very brief description on Mufti Shafi's services in Sīrah's aspect.
The Sperata (S.) sarwari is one of the commercially important carnivore freshwater fish and is now among the most endangered species in Pakistan. The study was designed to hypothesize that the natural population of S. sarwari has become fragmented due to the construction of barrages and the degradation of natural spawning grounds and also the decrease of genetic diversity is the main cause of decline in population. Molecular markers were applied to assess genetic variations between fish (S. sarwari) populations in four different rivers. Total eight populations were collected from the upstream and the downstream of the River Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi and Indus of the Punjab, Pakistan. The selected morphological and meristic characteristics showed significant (P< 0.05) variations between the upstream and the downstream population and also among the four riverine populations except weight, which was kept constant. For genetic analysis, fifteen RAPD markers were selected from the genomic Library on the basis of GC contents (%) and band reproducibility for the amplification of genomic DNA in S. sarwari. Out of 15 primers, ten RAPD primers produced 50 scorable bands with sizerange of 250-1050 bps. Molecular analysis showed significant polymorphism in the upstream and the downstream of the four riverne populations of S. sarwari. The highest polymorphism (62%) was observed in the River Indus population and lowest level (2%) was observed in the Ravi population. The genetic analysis revealed that the River Indus population showed the high gene diversity (h, 0.253±0.204) and the River Ravishowed the lowest gene diversity (h, 0.0096±0.068). The genetic variability with total heterozygosity (Ht, 0.3574±0.0350) revealed the significant higher variation (Gst, 0.5124) with very low level of migration flow (Nm, 0.4758) that showed no movement of a single individual between the upstream and the downstream of all river populations. Cluster analysis showed significant variations within and among rivers. Furthermore, the dendrogram showed that the S. sarwari population of the River Jhelum and RiverIndus were closely related, while the River Ravi population was completely distinct from other riverine populations. Hence, these genetic analysis described the higher level of genetic variability and lowest genetic flow that increased the inbreeding coefficient in S. sarwari population. Furthermore, this study revealed that the variations in the morphological characteristics are concordance with the genetic analysis. In the present study, it was also concluded that the lowest gene flow is the indication of isolation due to physical barriers i.e. dams and barrage. Hence, this information can be used by Ichthyologist managers and natural conservationist, who are interested in the future to save it from declining of S. sarwari.