78. An-Naba’/The Great News
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
78:01
a. What are they asking one another about?
78:02
a. Is it about the Great News of the Time of Final Judgment and its Correlatives?
78:03
a. The one about which they are in suspicion and disputing with you – O The Prophet.
78:04
a. But no!
b. They will soon know the truth of its reality!
78:05
a. And then, oh no!
b. They will soon know the truth of its reality!
78:06
a. Have WE not made the earth a resting place like a bed for you,
78:07
a. and set the strong mountains as its pegs?
78:08
a. And WE created you in pairs,
78:09
a. and made your sleep for resting,
78:10
a. and made the nighttime a covering,
78:11
a. and made the daytime for your livelihood.
78:12
a. And WE built above you seven celestial realms - strong, solid, and firm,
Surah 78 * An-Naba’ 707
78:13
a. and set therein Sun as a luminous lamp,
78:14
a. and sent down abundant water from the water-laden clouds,
78:15
a. so that WE may bring out thereby grain and vegetation,
78:16
a. as well as gardens of dense growth.
78:17
a. Surely the Time of Division is an Appointed Time.
78:18
a. The Time when the Trumpet will...
Almighty Allah bestowed honors and respect to mankind. Keeping in view the honor of mankind, Allah SWT blessed them also a purified, cleanse and Halal [permissible & Lawful] food. Moreover, the religious teachings are very clear and transparent in this regard to highlight the difference between what is beneficial and useful for them and what is harmful and injurious. Almighty Allah is very kind and compassionate to his servants and described definite commands and orders about such Animals which are adequate and effective to mankind and counts them in Halal category and otherwise are considered Restricted and Haram [impressible & unlawful]. So all kinds of animals which are harmful are prohibited with exception of their some body organs and which are useful are described with their all qualities are halal in mentioned divine religions i.e. Judaism, Christianity and Islam coupled with little changes in rulings about the use of body organs of impermissible animals like use of bones or skin etc. The paper emphasis on describing the disparities of three divine religions regarding the use of organs, skin of animals, bones and highlight their procedures of making them safe and useable for mankind. This study will lead us to know that which divine religion is more applicable and provides cleanse food to their followers along with having the status of eternity strength among three.
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of diarrhea in children <5 years in many countries. The objectives of this pre-vaccination era study were to explore the prevalence and the genetic diversity of RVA strains in <5 years children, hospitalized due to gastroenteritis during 2014 – 2016. Two tertiary care hospitals Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH) located in Rawalpindi and Kharadar General Hospital (KGH) in Karachi were the study sites. A total of 1227 children were tested through ELISA for the presence of RVA and 28.5% (n=350) were found positive. From the 956 children enrolled in BBH (n=502 in 2014 and n=454 in 2015), 29.1% (n=279) were RVA positive. Among the 271 children enrolled in KGH during 2016, 26% (n=71) were found to be infected with RVA. A majority (78%; n=272) of RVA gastroenteritis cases were found in children <1 year of age and the virus was detected throughout the study period. Genotyping of ELISA positive samples through RT-PCR showed G12P[6] (21%) as the most dominant genotype followed by G3P[8] (16%), G2P[4] (12%), G1P[8] (9%), G9P[6] (8%) and G3P[6] (6%). A high proportion (10%) of mixed infection was also observed. Phylogenetic analysis clustered Pakistani G1 strains into two lineages, G1 lineage 1 & 2 along with strains from Russia, Australia, Thailand, India, Bhutan, Belgium Turkey, and the USA. The G2 strains clustered into G2 lineage IV, sub lineage IVa-3 along with strains reported worldwide. Pakistani G2 strains showed the D96N and S242N substitutions which are characteristic of sub-lineage IVa-3 and have been linked to the reemergence of these strains in many countries. Pakistan G3 viruses clustered into G3 lineage 3, sub-lineage 3d and were closely related to strains from China, Russia, Japan, and the USA. High amino acid similarities existed among indigenous G3 and the new variant G3 viruses that were first reported from Japan in 2003-2004. We hereby report the first finding of these variant G3 viruses from our country. The G9 strains grouped into two lineages G9 lineage 3 & 4 with the majority of strains belonging to lineage 3. Pakistani G12 strains belonged to the G12 lineage 3 together with G12 from different countries. The P[4], P[6] and P[8] Pakistani strains were linked to VP4 genotypes found globally. Comparative analysis of wild-type rotaviruses with RotarixTM and RotaTeqTM revealed several amino acid differences in the VP7 and VP8* antigenic epitopes. Notably, Pakistani G3 isolates contained a K238N amino acid change that generates an extra N linked glycosylation site which could have an effect on the antigenicity of these strains. This is the first report on the predominance of G12P[6] and the emergence of G3P[8] from Pakistan. Our findings provide important information pertinent to the genetic diversity of RVA strains circulating in the two cities of Pakistan (Rawalpindi and Karachi) and emphasize the need for large-scale epidemiological studies across the country.