مولانا قاضی محمد زاہد الحسینی
(حافظ نثار احمد الحسینی)
یہ خبر افسوس کے ساتھ سنی گئی ہے کہ ۶؍ محرم الحرام ۱۴۱۸ھ مطابق ۱۴؍ مئی ۱۹۹۷ء کو ممتاز عالم دین و مصنف مولانا قاضی محمد زاہد الحسینی رحلت فرماگئے۔
قاضی صاحب کا خاندان علوم دینیہ کی خدمت میں مشہور ہے۔ اس خاندان کے مورث اعلیٰ حضرت باز گل مرحوم حضرت سید گیسو درازؒ کی اولاد سے تھے اور حضرت سید احمد شہیدؒ کے قافلۂ جہاد میں شامل تھے۔ بالاکوٹ کے سقوط کے بعد ہزارہ سے نقل مکانی کر کے پنجاب کے مشہور علمی خطہ علاقہ چھچھ کے موضع شمس آباد تشریف لے آئے۔ قاضی صاحبؒ کے داد قاضی نادر دینؒ اپنے وقت میں پنجابی کے مشہور شاعر اور مصلح دین تھے۔ ان کے والد مولانا مفتی قاضی غلام جیلانی مرحوم مناظر اور صاحب قلم عالمِ دین تھے۔ تقریباً پچاس اصلاحی کتابیں لکھیں۔ سلسلۂ نقشبندیہ میں خانقاہ موسیٰ زئی شریفؒ کے سجادہ نشین حضرت مولانا سراج الدینؒ سے مجاز طریقت تھے۔ متنبی قادیان مرزا قادیانی کا مقابلہ تحریر و تقریر اور مناظرہ سے کیا۔ ’’تیغ غلام جیلانی برگردن قادیانی‘‘ آپ کی مشہور تصنیف ہے۔ ۱۹۲۸ء میں اپنے آبائی گاؤں شمس آباد میں انتقال کیا اور وہیں مدفون ہوئے۔
مولانا قاضی محمد زاہد الحسینی ۶؍ ربیع الاول ۱۳۳۱ھ مطابق یکم فروری ۱۹۱۳ء بروز ہفتہ پیدا ہوئے۔ قرآن پاک اور ابتدائی عربی فارسی تعلیم گھر ہی میں حاصل کی ۱۹۲۸ء میں شمس آباد سے مڈل پاس کیا۔ ۱۹۲۸ء میں آپ منیۃ المصلی اور ہدایت النحو وغیرہ ابتدائی کتابیں پڑھ رہے تھے کہ والد گرامی کا سایہ سر سے اٹھ گیا لیکن داغ یتیمی آپ کے شوق اور حصولِ علم کی ہمت کو کم نہ کرسکا۔ علاقہ چھچھ میں اس وقت شیخ الہند مولانا محمود الحسن اور مولانا عبدالحئی لکھنوی کے تلاندہ موجود تھے ان سے تحصیل علم کرنے کے بعد...
Pakht┴n society has its own justice system which has different types of penalties and remedies to maintain the justice in the society. This study concentrates to investigate the nature of pecuniary punishment’s practice in distressing issues like killing, civil injuries and criminal offences. Perpetrators are punished to resolve the disputes. On one hand, this paper aims to find out answer to the methods of inflicting decisions in Pakhtan’s cult and on other hand, to shed light on the legal status of arbitration regarding resolving such issues in the light of Qur’an and Sunnah. Study results illustrate that in some cases the offenders are charged in term of money to facilitate the victims, while in other cases both of the parties, perpetrators and victims, are called upon on meal for reconciliation of their dispute. Besides this, sometimes it is observed that the offenders are not only awarded pecuniary punishment but they are exiled as well.
Pakistan is predominantly an arid country but it has one of the best and extensive irrigation systems in the world. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) are the major grain crops in the country and wheat-rice cropping pattern is followed on substantial area of the country. Soil health directly controls the growth and development of crops and so for wheat and rice. The key of sustainable agricultural production is the optimum use of on-farm resources to feed ever increasing population without harming the available resources. For seed bed preparation the use of different tillage methods is most likely and is in practice for many years. Depending upon soil type and agro- ecological conditions of a particular area, appropriate tillage methods should be selected. Soil quality is affected by tillage and farm manure application, similarly, crop growth and yield is also controlled to various degrees. In order to assess the effect of farm manure, compost and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and yield of wheat and rice crops, pot studies were conducted. The promising level of farm manures from these studies and from previous literature were chosen for field studies. The use of different tillage systems is common practice of the regional farmers. The effects of tillage and farm manure on crop growth and yield, soil physical properties and C-sequestration under wheat-rice cropping rotation were investigated at Faisalabad. Three tillage methods (minimum, conventional and deep tillage) and three farm manure at 0 (control), 15 and 30 Mg ha–1 was used to evaluate the effect on soil physical properties and growth. The wheat and rice crops were sown in pots and field up to maturity. Different agronomic, yield parameters and chemical composition were recorded at the harvest of each crop. Soil samples (0-100 cm) were collected before and after every crop from each treatment plot and were analyzed for NPK concentrations. Soil bulk density and hydraulic conductivity was improved by the use of farm manure. Data were analyzed statistically following standard statistical procedures analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance and bi plots were constructed. The root length density (RLD) of wheat in upper 10 cm soil layer was 16% more in case of minimum tillage (MT) with farm manure at 30 Mg ha–1 (FM30). The total RLD of rice the same soil layer was increased by 12% and 17% in case of deep tillage with FM at 15 Mg ha–1. The rice yield was increased by 24% under minimum tillage with FM30 during first year and 21% at 15 Mg ha–1 FM under same tillage. The increase in wheat yield was 11% under MT with farm manure at 15 Mg ha–1 (FM15) during second year. The conventional tillage (CT) with FM30 increased the carbon sequestration among all the tillage systems. The information will be used to further evaluate the amount, direction and change in carbon turnover in all the cropping systems of the country to alleviate the resource poor farmers of the country and in the long run to assess the value of different indicators in relation to soil quality and crop productivity. The treatment combinations CT × FM0 (first year) and CT × FM15 (second year) were more economical incase of wheat. CT × FM15 also proved its worth incase of rice for both years.