قرآن کا صیغہ نہی اور عائلی منکرات

Islam has prescribed its orders either demanding some acts or avoiding from the prohibited acts. This research article is about the Islamic prohibitions regarding family matters. No doubt family is the most sacred and sensitive institution of the society and Islam has well established this institution with its orders providing the ethical, spiriyual and legal values to the Muslim Society. Some of these orders are purely family matters and some are family as well as the matters related to the whole society. This research paper is to elaborate the Islamic prohibitions which affect the family as well as the social life of the individuals and it is just to make the society peaceful and obligation and rights onserving society.

Identification of Differetially Expressed Proteins in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Oscc Through Proteomic Analysis

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy in head and neck region with an occurrence rate of 500,000 per year. Higher incidence and mortality rates have been observed in south-east Asia including Pakistan. The common sub-site found in Pakistani population and other physiological variations are strongly linked with the increasing use of smokeless tobaccos (SLTs). Early diagnosis plays a key role in treatment and monitoring of any cancer. Histopathology is the only diagnostic method recommended for OSCC which is not very effective for early stage diagnosis. Thus, biomarker studies have been conducted all around the world using proteomics techniques in search of potential candidate diagnostic biomarkers. In current study, we have performed comparative proteomic analysis using buccal mucosa OSCC tissue samples and their adjacent normal mucosa. The samples were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and differentially expressed spots were selected for Mass spectrometric analysis. We have identified seventeen proteins that were consistently differentially expressed among most of the samples analyzed. The differentially expressed proteins that have been uniquely identified in this study include Serum albumin (ALBU), Ig Kappa chain C region (IGKC), and Isoform 2 of fructose bisphosphate aldolase A (ALDOA). We suggest that further research would be required to investigate their role in carcinogenesis and whether any of these could serve as potential biomarker. The significantly altered expression of Calreticulin (CALR), Heat shock protein beta 1 (HSPB1), Heat shock protein 70 (HSC70), Cytokeratin-8 (KRT8), Cytokeratin-16 (KRT16), Cytokeratin-14 (KRT14), Cytokeratin-17 (KRT17), and 14-3-3σ/Stratifin (SFN) found in our study strongly supported the earlier reported results. We also performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) to confirm the higher expression of SFN as potential biomarker. SFN plays an important role in p53 apoptotic regulation and therefore findings of our study reveal and suggest it as a potential candidate biomarker in Pakistani population. XII Considering the association of oxidative stress with cancer progression, we also studied markers of oxidative stress in OSCC including Paraoxonase1 (PON1), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Malondialdehyde (MDA). We found significant relationship among oxidative stress indicators, particularly PON1 with OSCC suggesting PON1 as predictive marker.