خون جگر ہونے تک
اپنی کتاب کا دیباچہ لکھنا توحالیؔ جیسے لوگوں کو جچتا ہے جو دیباچہ لکھیں تو تنقید کی پہلی کتاب وجود پا جائے۔میں تو عاجزانہ طور پر چند عروضی نکات پیش کرنا چاہتا ہوں۔میرا یہ دیباچہ سب کے لیے نہیں ہے۔ اس کی دو وجوہات ہیں۔ ایک تو عروضی بحث اس قدر گنجلک اور پیچیدہ ہوتی ہے کہ ہر کسی کو اس سے شغف نہیں ہوتا اور دوسرا جو لوگ عروض پہ دسترس رکھتے ہیںان کے لیے اس وضاحت کی ضرورت نہیں کیوں کہ وہ عروض پہ اس دیباچے سے بہت بہتر کتابیں پڑھ چکے ہیں۔ یہ دیباچہ فقط ان لوگوں کے لیے ہے جو شعر کہتے ہیں اور عروض میں بھی ٹانگ اڑاتے ہیں اورجب کسی شعر کی بحر سمجھ نہ آئے تو اسے بے وزن کہہ دیتے ہیں۔زیادہ تر ہندی بحر کے سلسلے میںان کا رویہ ایسا ہوتا ہے اوراگر ان کے سامنے کسی بڑے شاعر کا مصرع بہ طور نمونہ رکھ دیا جائے تو وہ اسے بھی بے وزن کہنے سے ذرا نہیں ہچکچاتے۔ فاع فاعلن یا فعَل فعولن ان کی سمجھ سے باہر ہو جاتا ہے۔ دراصل ایسے حضرات ہندی بحر کی چند معروف صورتوں کے سوا باقی صورتوں سے آشنا ہی نہیں۔
میرا یہ شعری مجموعہ ہندی بحر میںہی تخلیق ہوا ہے اور ہندی بحر میں خاصا تنوع پایا جاتا ہے۔ہمارے وہ لوگ جو عروض کو سرسری طور پر جانتے ہیں۔اس بحر کو سمجھنے میں ٹھوکر کھاتے ہیں۔وہ ہندی بحر کی چندمعروف صورتوں سے ہی واقف ہیں۔وہ بس اِسے ہی ہندی بحر سمجھتے ہیں مگر ہندی بحر کی متنوع صورتیں ہیں۔ان حضرات کے سامنے اگر کوئی مختلف صورت آ جائے تو وہ اسے سمجھنے سے قاصر رہتے ہیں کیوں کہ وہ ان صورتوں سے آشنا ہی نہیں اور وہ اسی ناآشنائی میں اس مصرعے کو بے وزن کہہ دیتے...
Shah Waliullah pioneered the promulgation and publication of Ḥadtih in the Subcontinent. His immediate students and avid readers owned this sacred responsibility and brought forth this beacon of Ḥadtih in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, posthumously. In the said region, not only a meticulous research has been conducted on assorted genres of Ḥadtih but also a profound work has been executed on its treatise. Especially, “The Ṣaḥiḥ Bukhari” has remained the focus for research and analysis. Besides, in madaris of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, different sermons and oral disquisitions of the noteworthy religious scholars and Ḥadtih experts (specifically “Ṣaḥiḥ Bukhari”) have been recorded and published in several books and booklets. In this respect, the researcher has uncovered twenty seven published and non-published treatises. In this dissertation, the work of the eminent Ḥadtih scholars is collated, vetted and analyzed, while this introductory analysis is about the Ḥadtih books published particularly during the period ء1901 to ء2015. This research study will be helpful in realizing the arduous efforts and valuable services rendered by the experts in the field of Ḥadtih.
This project was designed to define the prevalence and associated risk factors of ticks and tick-borne theileriosis and comparative efficacy of various over-the-counter acaricidal and anti-theilerial compounds at the small holder dairy farming system of district Toba Tek Singh (T.T. Singh), Punjab, Pakistan. Questionnaire based stratified random sampling was used for the screening of animals. Blood and tick samples were collected from 4608 animals for assessing the level of theilerial infections in both tick and host population during November 2010 to October 2012. The overall prevalence of ticks was recorded 52.14% (2403/4608) in cattle and buffaloes of study area. However, the abundance was found significantly higher in cattle as compared with buffaloes. Among the identified species of ticks, Hyalomma (H.) anatolicum (a.) anatolicum was found significantly predominant followed in order by Rhipicephalus (R.) microplus and R. sanguineus. The overall theilerial infection in the acini of tick salivary glands was recorded 20.85% (1126/5400). H. a. anatolicum (62.56%; 1126/1800) was the only infected tick specie in the study area. Methyl pyronine green (MPG) stain, female ticks, riverine area, infesting attitude and cattle specie were found having positive association with theilerial infections in tick acini. The overall prevalence of bovine tropical theileriosis was found 49.87% (2298/4608) in cattle and buffaloes of the study area with higher prevalence in cattle. Theileria (T.) annulata was the only prevalent specie. Among various associated determinants of a) host, Friesian breed of cattle, Kundi breed of buffaloes, female sex, young age and cattle population b) microclimate, grazing system, tethering of animals, close housing, poor hygienic measures, mixed farming practices, un-cemented floor pattern, pond watering system, tehsil Kamalia and c) macroclimate, rainy season were found having positive correlation with the bovine tropical theileriosis. Hematological analysis showed statistically a significant decrease in mean haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, red blood cells count, white blood cells count, neutrophils (P<0.001), serum total bilirubin and active serum enzyme, while a significant increase was recorded in lymphocyte count (P<0.001), corpuscular volume, serum total protein and albumin. Participatory epidemiological investigation revealed highest trend of farmers towards the quacks for consultancy and their therapeutic concerns towards ethnoveterinary medicine with Decoctions as drug of choice. The combined effect of ivermectin and buparwaquone was found the best in order followed by amitraz + oxytetracyclene and cypermethrine + Calotropis procera. The total economic losses of 3.23 million rupees have been calculated in the present study.