بال جبریل کی اشاعت کے چند ماہ بعد جولائی 1936ء میں ضرب کلیم منظر عام پر آئی۔ اقبال کا یہ اردو کا تیسرا مجموعہ کلام ہے” ضرب کلیم “ فکر کی پختہ اور مستحکم صورت کا مجموعہ ہے۔اقبال نے اس کتاب کے ہر حصے کو عنوانات میں تقسیم کیا ہے۔ عنوانات درج ذیل ہیں ۔ (1) اسلام اور مسلمان (ii) تعلیم و تربیت (iii) عورت (iv) ادبیات ، فنون لطیفہ (۷) سیاسیات مشرق و مغرب (vi) محراب گل افغان کے افکار۔ ہر عنوان میں بہت سی نظمیں ضمنی موضوعات کے تحت دی گئی ہیں۔ محراب گل افغان کے اذکار میں نمبر شمار دے کر بیس افکار پیش کیے گئے ہیں۔
Marketing strategy is an effort to market a product, both in the form of goods and services, using certain plans and tactics to increase sales volume. One of the business development strategies is the implementation of a marketing mix strategy. Marketing is one of the most important factors in the continuity of a business, so it is very important for business people to pay attention to the marketing mix in their business. The purpose of this study was to determine how D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru applies sales promotion. The data analysis technique used is market mix analysis. The marketing mix variables studied were product, price, place and promotion. The results of this study indicate that consumer decisions in purchasing D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru are strategic location selection and products that are acceptable to the public. The recommendation of this research is that D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru products should be more diverse and innovative in terms of packaging and online marketing and improve brand quality.
Chlorinated organic compounds are released to the environment as a result of production, use and inefficient handling of these compounds. Such compounds are highly stable, toxic toward living organisms including humans and causes cancer and other disorders. Trichloroethylene (TCE), a representative of chlorinated organic compounds is largely used in various industries and its release impacts adversely on environment. To control its damaging effects, removal and decomposition of TCE is highly desirable. The current study is focused on synthesis of novel Iron loaded spherical mesoporous silica particles (SMSPs) and its application as adsorbent for dechlorination of TCE. The silica was synthesized using modified Stöber’s method at varying temperatures (20-70 °C) to study its effect on the size and porosity of the synthesized particles. Loading of iron into silica follows two routes to carry out pre and post modification of mesoporous silica particles through sol gel and reduction process. During the synthesis, ratio of silica to Iron is varied from 1:10 to 1:5 to study its impact on loaded iron and porosity of the Iron loaded spherical mesoporous silica particles (Fe-SMSPs). The synthesized particles were characterized using a range of techniques including fourier transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), raman spectroscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), dcanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET surface area measurement. The results show that synthesized SMSPs have mean diameter of 627±140 nm at room temperature and decreases to 408±156 nm at 60 °C. SMSPs also exhibited high BET surface area (627 m2/g) that determines its high efficiency for uptake of iron into the mesoporous structure. However, loss of spherical structure is also witnessed on increasing silica to iron ratio (1:3) during synthesis. Series of batch experiments were carried out to test dechlorination efficiency of the synthesized Fe-SMSPs against TCE. HPLC data indicated rapid decrease and removal of 25 ppm TCE in two hours at room temperature. Mass spectrometry revealed formation of hydrocarbons as dechlorination products. The present research concludes that the synthesized Fe-SMSPs have a promising potential to be used for dechlorination of TCE contaminated water. This has special preference for underground water treatment. Future prospects determine applicability of these materials for dechlorination of other chlorinated organic compounds than TCE.