Growth in Islamic Economy

A major proof viewed by the Islamic universe today is the proof of re-making and reorganizing the economy in such a way seen as similar to the motivation of Sharia’h work. Money-related new development is one of the topics that in a general sense is termed as a science that offers a technique to show the science of monetary angles. Nevertheless, the standard technique, which has been assembled, is being considered for dissatisfaction in dealing with the issues of the Ummah, for example, despair, backwardness in human resources (HR), and achievement in proper position and life, and even a matter of natural change. Sadly, those conditions are found overwhelmingly in the Muslim world, where they have essentially manifested and represented in Muslim life. Moreover, it seems that the uniqueness of the Muslim world has been challenging, that is, it is typically rich in asset but still weak and poor. As for the path, in Muslim society, there is an ignorance of the achievements of motivation. Thus, there is no possible norm to find the emergence of different methodologies within the Islamic structure, surprisingly in the area of ​​money-related to unforeseen development.

Policy-Driven Context-Aware Service Composition of Heterogeneous Services in Pervasive Computing Environments

Pervasivecomputingoffersenvironmentsinwhichuserneedsortasksarefulfilled without demanding their attention. This requires discovering a service or a set of services based on context (i.e. user presence, user activity, user location, temperature level,lightintensityleveletc.). Anatomicservicemaysometimesmeetthesimpleuser needs but meeting of complex user needs may lead to discovering a number of relevant services and composing them together. While the composed service may well serve userneeds,therecometimeswhenausermaywanttocustomizetheenvironmentbased on her preferences and this require adapting the composed service through parameter adjustment of one of its constituent services or a multiple constituent services. This makescontext-awarenessingeneralandcontextualservicecompositionandadaptation inparticularacorerequirementofpervasivecomputingapplications. Servicesavailable in the environment may be heterogeneous with regard to different discovery protocols (e.g., UPnP, SLP, JINI, etc.) being used fortheirpublication, discovery andinteraction. Context-aware service composition may involve discovery of heterogeneous services andtheadaptationofthecomposedservicemayinvolveinteractingwithheterogeneous constituent services. This raises the issue of service heterogeneity in context-aware service composition and adaptation. We have also proposed an approach following a separation of concerns, which allows adaptation decision logic (adaptation concern), a core part of context-aware applications, to be independently treated and managed as a separate unit of execution from the rest of application code. The proposed approach allows modelling of adaption concerns as declarative Event-Condition-Action (ECA) polices. This allows rapid development of context-aware applications and their dynamic modifiability. Another research issue that we address in this thesis is that of user involvement. Tothisend,wehaveproposedauser-centricapproachthatallowstheusertoparticipate in development of context-aware applications. To address aforementioned research challenges, we have designed and implemented a system whose detailed description is provided in the thesis. The system has been evaluated through usability,performance and scalability measures.