ملاؤں کا پراپیگنڈہ
ولیم جب سے جلال آبادآیا تھاوہ اس معمے سے باہر نہیں نکل رہا تھا کہ ایسی کیا وجہ ہے کہ مسلمانو ں کے بچوں کی تعدادسکولوں میں بہت کم ہے۔پہلے پہل تو اس نے سمجھا کہ شاید سرکا رکی طرف سے کوئی رکاوٹ ہے۔جلال آباد کے تمام سکولوں میں مسلمان طلبا کی تعداد صرف ایک سو پینتیس تھی جن میں صرف اٹھارہ بچے اپر درجے کے تھے۔ولیم کو بہت سوچنے پر بھی اسے اس بات کا جواب نہ مل پایا تو تسیر داس سے پوچھا ،جس پر ایسی حقیقت کا انکشاف ہوا کہ خود ولیم بھی حیران ہو گیا۔تیچن داس کے مطابق خود مسلمان ہی اپنے بچوں کو سکول بھیجنے سے کتراتے ہیں۔اس نے بتایا کہ صرف جلال آباد میں ایسا نہیں ہوتا بلکہ ہر جگہ ہی ایسی کیفیت ہے۔مسلمان حکومت سے خائف رہتاہے۔عدم اعتمادی کی وجہ سے وہ کبھی بھی اپنی اس ناراضی کو ختم نہیں کرتا اور انتاکم کی آگ جو دل میں جلائے بیٹھا ہے اس میں اپنے بچوں کو بھی جلا کرراکھ کر دینا چاہتا ہے۔ سکھ مسلم فسادات میں ان حالات کا اکثر سامنا رہا۔اپنے بچوں کو بچانے کے لیے مسلمانوں نے ہمیشہ اپنا نقصان کیا ،یا صرف یہ ایک چال تھی جو کارآمد رہی کہ مسلمان کے کان میں بات ڈال دی جاتی اور پھر اس مسئلے کو اتنی ہوا دی جاتی کہ وہ بھڑک کر شعلہ بن جاتی اور آگ لگ جاتی۔ایسا صرف فسادات کی وجہ سے تھا ناول نگار نے یہ کیفیت ناول میں کچھ یوں بیان کی ہے :
’’مسلمانوں کے ملاؤں نے انہیں روک رکھا ہے کہ گورنمنٹ کے سکولوں میں نصاریٰ کی تعلیم دی جاتی ہے اور بچوں کو زبردستی عیسائی بنادیا جاتا ہے۔ اس لیے مسلمان اپنے بچوں کو گورنمنٹ سکولوں میں...
1. The Stylistics of Holy Qur'an is way beyond human potential and capabilities. Its diction, semantics and phraseology is unique which is not found in any of man's writings.
2. The range of its stylistics is such that it impresses all and sundry simultaneously. Thus our Holy Qur'an exceeds in rhetoric and stylistics.
3. The stylistics of Qur'an is such that it holds a universal appeal for all times to come despite of the drastic evolutionary change in human society over a time period. The Holy Qur'an has not lost its relevance and freshness uptil now and neither shall it do so till the Day of Resurrection.
4. The Holy Qur'an addresses people belonging to all strata of society from a layman to a universe don. Each person may interpret and appreciate the miraculous Ayah's of Qur'an according to their own caliber and understanding. It offers straight direct teachings to the commoners whereas a scholar may
unfold and marvel at its depth and delicate intricacies.
5. The miracles of the previous prophets were sensual in nature. They could be perceived through our senses. Yet the miracle of our Holy Prophet i.e. Holy Qur'an holds its dynamic appeal rationally and logically. It shall remain so till all times to come.
6. The salient features of the stylistics of Holy Qur'an are as follows: Its simultaneous brevity as well as comprehensive nature; its universal appeal to all and sundry; its precise summation yet in other places its elaborate detailing; its unique super human stylistics; its rhythm and variety phonetically and semantically; its recurrence and repeated mentions of incidents and topics; its
Professional development of teachers takes many forms, all aiming at a long lasting qualitative and considerable change in teachers' approaches to educate themselves. Internet Based Teacher Education (IBTE) is one of the ways of professional development that teachers can use in search of better ways of being informed teachers. IBTE courses might help teachers to take an account of their growth and development at any time, any place. The study sets out to understand the perceived needs of stakeholders on the professional development of teachers and further the role of supplementing face to face teacher education with Internet based teacher education. The objective was to ascertain if IBTE could serve teacher education in an NGO run school in the Pakistani context. Furthermore, I wanted to identify the existing skills of teachers, infrastructure and support mechanism required for IBTE in schools. In addition to this, what is needed further in terms of logistics, and what motivates teachers participation was also a part of the research. In this study, eight principals, thirty-seven teachers, one CEO and one Program Manager (PM) of an NGO participated and shared their views on professional development and supplementation of face-to-face (f-to-f) teacher education with Internet based teacher education. The study was conducted in both the qualitative and quantitative paradigms. The tools for data collection were, a survey questionnaire, observations and an interview followed up with an informal chat with the research participants. From the data five major themes on professional development needs and supplementation of f-to-f with IBTE emerged. First, teachers are aware of the need of professional development for themselves. Second, teachers consider f-to-f courses as beneficial however; they face a lot of challenges during those courses. Third, teachers think that there is a need to introduce a new mode of teacher education. They mainly emphasized on the need of school based or station based teacher education programs. Fourth, IBTE would enable them to face the challenges of the modern era, enhance and help their learning process, which will affect their students' classroom learning. Finally, teachers are aware of the needs of skills, logistics and support mechanism required and needed. In terms of what they have and what else is needed. In addition to these key findings, the study has also discovered some important contextual concerns, that seem to inhibit the teachers pursue of professional development activities. Some recommendations and implications have been drawn from the