اچار نریندر دیوجی
افسوس ہے کہ اچار نریندر دیوجی کی موت سے ہندوستان ایک بڑی شخصیت سے محروم ہوگیا، وہ اپنے اوصاف کے لحاظ سے ہندوستان کے ممتاز ترین لیڈروں میں تھے، سیاسیؔ خدمات، ایثارؔ و قربانی، علمی قابلیتؔ، بے تعصبیؔ، اور شرافت و وضعداری میں اس دور کے کم لیڈر ان کا مقابلہ کرسکتے تھے، وہ پنڈت جواہر لال کے پرانے رفیق اور جنگ آزادی کے نامور سپاہی تھے، اس راہ میں پنڈت جی کے دوش بدوش قیدو بند کی مصیبتیں جھیلیں، اردوؔ، انگریزیؔ، ہندیؔ، اور سنسکرتؔ چاروں زبانوں میں ان کو عبور حاصل تھا، اور ان کے بڑے اچھے مقرر تھے، ان کا یہ کمال تھا کہ جب اردو یا ہندی میں تقریر کرتے تھے تو دوسری زبان کا ایک لفظ بھی نہ آنے پاتا تھا، اودھ کی پرانی راجدھانی فیض آباد ان کا وطن تھا، اس لیے اردو ان کی مادری زبان تھی اور وہ بڑی فصیح و بلیغ اردو بولتے تھے، علمی قابلیت اور تعلیمی تجربہ کی بنا پر لکھنؤؔ اور ہندو یونیورسٹی کے وائس چانسلر مقرر ہوئے، متعدد کتابوں کے مصنف تھے، ان سب سے بڑھ کر ان کی بے تعصبی اور شرافت و وضعداری تھی، ہندوستان میں اس کے جو نمونے رہ گئے ہیں ان میں سے ایک وہ بھی تھے، ایک زمانہ تک کانگریسی رہے پھر اس سے بددل ہوکر سوشلسٹ پارٹی قائم کی، اگر وہ کانگریسی رہتے تو آج مرکزی حکومت کے وزیر ہوتے، مگر انھوں نے اپنے اصول و نظریات کے مقابلہ میں دنیاوی منصب وجاہ کی کوئی پرواہ نہ کی، اب ان کی جیسی شخصیتیں مشکل سے پیدا ہوں گی، اس لیے ان کی موت ایک بڑا قومی حادثہ ہے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، فروری ۱۹۵۶ء)
Background and Aim: Headache is a very common condition worldwide. Cervicogenic headache is a secondary type of headache. Dentistry requires both, the concentration and precision and dentists have to work in constricted zones for extended period of time so it is important to evaluate headache among dental population. The objective of this study was to screen Cervicogenic headache among dentists working in Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore.
Methodology: The Descriptive Cross-sectional study, of 6 months duration, was conducted on 125 dentists. The data was collected from Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore. Non-Probability convenience sampling technique was used. Dentists working for at least 2 years and more than 5 hours daily, with the known cases of headache were included and those who were diagnosed with any other condition that cause headache like acute sinusitis, High blood pressure etc. were excluded. Data was collected by using cervical Flexion Rotation test whose validity is 0.81. Data was entered by using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and the same software was used for data analysis.
Results: The findings showed that, out of 125 dentists, 36.8% (n=46) were male and 63.2% (n=79) were female and cervical flexion rotation test was positive in 30.4% (n=38) dentists.
Conclusion: This study concluded that cervicogenic headache is present in 30.4% dentists working in Lahore Medical and Dental College.
Salinity is one of the major soil problems that limits the crop growth and productivity to great extent. Increased amount of soluble salts cause osmotic stress and excessive sodium (Na+) leads to sodicity that deteriorate the soil structure and cause toxicity to plants. Potassium (K+) is an important macronutrient essential for enzyme activation, osmoregulation and charge balance in the plant cell. Higher concentration of Na+ in nutrient medium decreases K+ uptake and increases Na+ uptake by plants. Therefore under sodic or saline-sodic conditions K+/Na+ ratio in plant tissue is decreased affecting enzyme activities, photosynthesis, protein synthesis and other metabolic activities. Elevated K-fertilization under Na+ stress may improve the K+/Na+ ratio in plant tissue improving plant metabolism under saline-sodic condition. Na+-K+ interaction in saline- sodic soils was studied in light and heavy textured soils. Different levels of Na+ stress was applied to developed higher SAR of the soil using NaCl. Na+-K+ dynamics was compared with naturally salt affected soils at elevated K-fertilization. Effect of elevated K- fertilization on wheat crop growth, distribution of Na+ and K+ in different parts of the plants, subcellular Na+-K+ homeostasis of wheat under Na+ stress and proteome stability was determined in soil and hydroponic studies. Plant growth, physiological and chemical attributes, yield was significantly reduced under salt stress while application of elevated potassium fertilization improved growth and yield parameters. Application of elevated K fertilization mitigate osmotic, ionic and oxidative stress under saline condition improving subcellular K+/Na+ ratio. Elevated potassium fertilization improved proteome stability under salt stress decreasing the change in number of proteins changed by salt stress. This study suggest that K application could enhance wheat growth and yield by mitigating the deleterious effects of salt stress to a certain level at specific condition.