٭ اثر صہبائی، بام رفعت، لاہور ، اکادمی پنجاب ،۱۹۵۴ء
٭ اثر صہبائی، بحضورؐ سرور کائنات ، لاہور، انجمن حمایت اسلام، س۔ن
٭ اثر صہبائی، جام صہبائی، لاہور، دار اللتالیف ،۱۹۳۸ء
٭ اثر صہبائی، جام طہور، لاہور، تاج کمپنی لمیٹڈ، ۱۹۳۷ء
٭ اثر صہبائی، خمستان، لاہور، تاج کمپنی لمیٹڈ، ۱۹۳۷ء
٭ اثر صہبائی، ر وح صہبائی، لاہور، تاج کمپنی لمیٹڈ ،۱۹۳۷ء
٭ اثر صہبائی، راحت کدہ، لاہور، تاج کمپنی لمیٹڈ، ۱۹۴۲ء
٭ اثر صہبائی، محبت کے پھول ، لاہور ، نوائے وقت پرنٹرز،۱۹۶۳ء
٭ اثر صہبائی، نور و نکہت، کراچی، اردو اکیڈمی سندھ ، ۱۹۵۹ء
٭ اجمل نیازی، ڈاکٹر، فوق الکشمیر، لاہور ، سنگ میل پبلی کیشنز،۱۹۹۰
٭ احسان اﷲ ثاقب، ’’ شہر غزل‘‘ ، لاہور، معراج پرنٹرز،۲۰۰۶ء
٭ اخلاق اثر، ڈاکٹر، ( مرتب) ، اقبال نامے، بھوپال، طارق پبلی کیشنز ، ۱۹۸۱
٭ اسلم ملک، اقبال مفکر پاکستان، لاہور، اکبر امین پریس، ۱۹۹۷ء
٭ اسلم ملک، بچوں کا اقبال، لاہور، اکبر امین پریس، ۲۰۰۰ء
٭ اسلم ملک، علامہ اقبال بچپن اور جوانی، ایضاً، ۲۰۰۰ء
٭ اسلم ملک، مرتب بخدمت اقبال ، لاہور، اکبر امین پریس ،۲۰۰۰ء
٭ اسلم ملک، ’’ مطالعات اقبال‘‘ ، سیالکوٹ،اردو ادب اکیڈمی، ۱۹۶۹ء
٭ اشتیاق احمد(مرتب)، ’’ فیض احمد فیض کی شاعری‘‘ ،لاہور ، کتاب سرائے،۲۰۱۰ء
٭ اشفاق نیاز، ’’ تاریخ سیالکوٹ‘‘ ، سیالکوٹ، سیالکوٹ ایڈورٹائزرز،۲۰۰۹ء
٭ اصغر سودائی، ’’ چلن صبا کی طرح‘‘ ، لاہور، صدیقی...
Youth are the real asset of a nation, nation make progress by channelizing, the energy and effects of youth in the right direction. If youth of a nation go astray, the nation will be bound to fail. This short paper intends to look at the challenges faced by our youth for example, the political, religious and philosophical influence of anti-Islam powers, the use of all resources to attract youth to Islam, the attraction of Muslim youth to philosophy, to look into the influence of west through education which is leading the nation to financial and social way wardenss Indecency, Arabic language is replaced with other language for teaching and understanding of the Qur’ān and Unemployment, poverty and a sense of uselessness of youth is a huge challenge. This factor is leading the youth to stealing, robbery and other moral weaknesses. This short article will try to throw light on the challenges and responsibilities of youth. The history of mankind tells us that it is only the young people, who took the revolutionary measures to change the societies. Youth is the prime time of ones life. It is the time when all energies are at their peak. So one should get advantage of youth before getting old and helth before falling sick. As they say “new broom sweap clean”. Young people can bring great changes in cleaning socieities from evils. Muslim youth has great resficial to whole humanity. Today, youth is facing many challenges in their life. These challenges are in social, moral, educational, intellectual and political fields. To cope with them youth must have the knowledge and awareness. This short article tends to throw light on these challenges and gives ways and remedies to face them successfully.
This dissertation has been divided into four chapters and each chapter has its own numbering of compounds and references. General introduction related to the importance of heterocycle based drugs, drug designing and value of lead molecules in drug designing. This research work describes synthesis and bioactivities of different class of heterocycles such as piperazine, bisindole analogs in search of important therapeutic agents and also includes functionalized gold nanoparticles for catalytic study. During this research study, a variety of piperazine, and bisindole analogs were synthesized and screened for enzyme inhibition studies (thymidine phosphorylase, urease, antioxidant, β-glucuronidase and α-glucosidase, anti-Leishmania). Functionalized gold nanoparticles were synthesized for modulating their catalytic ability. The results obtained from this study are encouraging which are discussed separately in the forthcoming chapters 1, 2, 3 and 4. In first chapter, piperazine analogues are studied. We have synthesized eighteen piperazine derivatives (1-18) and evaluated for thymidine phosphorylase, urease, antioxidant, b-glucuronidase and α-glucosidase activity. All analogues showed potent thymidine phosphorylase inhibitory potential with IC50 values ranging between 0.2 ± 0.01 to 42.20 ± 0.70 μM when compared with standard 7-Deazaxanthine (IC50 value of 38.68 ± 1.12 μM). Compound 17 was found to be the most active among the series while compound 18 was found to be the least active. All these analogues showed varying degree of urease, antioxidant, b-glucuronidase and α-glucosidase activity. xi In second chapter, bis-indole analogues are studied. We have synthesized twenty seven bis-indole analogues (1-27) and evaluate their anti-leishmanial, urease, antioxidant, and b-glucuronidase activity. All compounds showed outstanding anti-leishmanial inhibitory potential with IC50 values ranging from 0.7 ± 0.01 to 13.30 ± 0.50 μM respectively when compared with standard pentamidine with IC50 value of 7.20 ± 0.20 μM. All analogues showed greater potential than standard except 23 when compared with standard. All these compounds showed varying degree of urease, antioxidant, b-glucuronidase and α-glucosidase activity. In third chapter, functionalized gold nanoparticles are studied. We report the fabrication of a family of nanozymes comprised of bioorthogonal ruthenium catalysts inserted in the protective monolayer of gold nanoparticles. By introducing simple modifications to the functional groups at the surface of the nanozymes, we have demonstrated control over the kinetic mechanism of our system. Cationic nanozymes with hydrophobic surface functionalities tend to replicate the classical Michaelis Menten model, while those with polar groups display substrate inhibition behaviour, a key mechanism present in 20% of natural enzymes. The structural parameters described herein can be used for creating artificial nano-systems that mimic the complexity observed in cell machinery. In fourth chapter we discussed the different bioassay protocols in detail.