رسالہ اور مدیر: مکاتیب شبلی کا مطالعہ معاصر مدیران کے لئے رہنما اصول

In the contemporary academia, importance of journals is an established fact. Not only does the traditional academia discourse, but also modern discipline appears due to such endeavor of such traditions of journal. An editor is the key person who lightens the quality of writing. All฀mah Shibl฀ Nu‘m฀n฀ (1857-1914) was not only an historian, writer, scholar and a great expert in the field of journals. He was the very first editor of various journals in the sub-continent. He had great vision in arrangement multiple discourses in the journals, at the same time his expertise in editorship can be explored. In his opinion a good editor needs to observe these characteristics. He should establish good relationship with scholars to achieve good targets of excellent writings. He should appoint co-editors for training and take keen interest in the additional responsibilities. He should select important as well as relevant articles and ensure material for the Journal in advance. He should also have a curious look on the contemporary journals to organize, review on latest books and to exploit various available sources to propagate journals. Shibl฀ can be called a modern vehicle of expression. He made substantial contribution in enhancing the quality of the journals and promoting journals material for a wide readership. He trained novice graduates for professional editorship for the journals. Here is an effort to highlight Shibl฀’s letters as golden principle of writing.

Pakhtuns and the War on Terror: A Cultural Perspective

The war on terror, starting in October 2001, instead of stemming terrorism from the region, has further radicalized the Pakhtun society. The prevailing terrorism in the shape of Talibanization in the Pakhtun region of Pakistan has not been a result of the normal functional social change; rather, it has been the product of a conscious policy of social engineering in the Pakhtun society. The combination of culture reductionism and policy of social engineering produce a distorted picture of the Pakhtuns’ culture. Analysis of the history of religious mobilizations, nature of the current militant uprising, and the phenomenon of violence in the Pakhtun culture demonstrates that the Taliban form of terrorism, whose ideology transcends national boundaries, has no causal relationship with the socially controlled and limited-in-scope violence in the Pakhtun society. State institutions are weak to the point of non-existence mainly due to a limited government writ, especially in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). Therefore, there is a strong reliance on social and cultural institutions. The destruction of, and indifference to these social and cultural institutions by the counter-terrorism campaign and by the Taliban activities has given further impetus to the problem of terrorism in the Pakhtun society.