سید ابوالنظر رضوی
افسوس ہے ہمارے حمیم صمیم سید ابو النظر رضوی کا۸/اپریل کوکراچی میں انتقال ہوگیا۔موصوف امروہہ ضلع مراد آباد کے شرفا اورنامور رؤسا میں سے تھے، بلا کے ذہین اور طباع تھے۔درس نظامی کا بڑا حصہ مدرسہ امدادیہ مرادآباد میں پڑھا تھااورپھر آخر میں ایک سال دارالعلوم دیوبند میں رہ کر تکمیل کی تھی۔اردو کے صاحب طرزانشاء پرداز اورادیب تھے۔طبیعت میں روانی غضب کی تھی۔تقسیم سے پہلے برہان میں اُن کے مقالات اکثر نکلتے رہتے تھے۔اس کے علاوہ دوسرے ادبی اورعلمی رسالے بھی مرحوم کے مضامین فخر سے شایع کرتے تھے۔ ۱۹۴۸ء میں یکایک اپنی تمام جائیدادواملاک چھوڑ چھاڑ کرکرا چی چل دیے۔بڑی تمناؤں اورآرزؤں کولے کر گئے تھے لیکن ایک بھی پوری نہیں ہوئی اورہزاروں روپیہ ماہوار کاخرچ رکھنے والا وہاں عسرت وتنگدستی کاشکارہوکر رہنے لگا۔ان پیہم ناکامیوں اورمایوسیوں کانتیجہ یہ ہواکہ تپ دق میں مبتلا ہوگئے۔مرنے سے چندماہ پہلے ایک خط میں کس حسرت سے لکھتے ہیں:’’قدرت کے کارخانے بھی عجیب ہیں۔ جب میرے پاس ریاست تھی،دولت تھی اورطاقت تھی اس وقت مجھ کویہ موذی مرض نہ دیاکہ میں اس کامقابلہ کرسکتا تھا، اب اس غریب الوطنی اورتنگدستی میں مجھ کو اس بیماری میں مبتلا کرکے سوائے اس کے کہ قدرت’’گربہ و موش‘‘ کا تماشا دکھانا چاہے اورکیا فائدہ ہے؟‘‘
بعض خاص اسباب کی بناپر مذہبی خیالات میں عدم توازن پیداہوگیا تھا اور قرآن مجید میں بعض عجیب طرح کی تاویلات و توجیہات کرنے لگے تھے۔ یوں نہایت شریف، بامروت،دوست نواز،بے حد خلیق اورملنسار تھے۔مہماں نوازی بڑی عالی ظرفی سے کرتے تھے۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ اُن کی لغزشوں اورغلطیوں سے درگزر فرماکر ان کو مغفرت وبخشش کی نعمت سے نوازے۔آمین [مئی۱۹۵۶ء]
This article probes into poetical citation in the historical letter of Ibn-e Zaydun, a renowned Andalusion poet of 11th century A.D. Ibn-e Zaydun was imprisoned by king of Córdoba, Ibn-e- Jahoor. While in prison, Ibn-e- Zaydun wrote Ibn- e- Jahoor a letter lamenting that he has been thrown into prison for no reason and appealed for mercy and leniency towards him. The depth of thoughts reflected in the poetic text of Ibn- e- Zaydun`s letter testifying his command over poetry. The poet who is quoted in the letter of Ibn- e- Zaydun is known as Al- Mutanabi. The article examines the parts of the Ibn- e- Zaydun`s letter citing the poetry of Al- Mutanabi in order to make it effective in achieving the objectives of the study.
The medicinal plants are strongly used as major bio resources of modern synthetic drugs because of their benefits for the society related to humans in the field of medicine. The fresh roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds and fruits of five selected ethnomedicinal plants which were collected, dried under shade and ground. Further; powdered plants materials were extracted by different extracts, and then screening of phytochemical were being done. The findings of present study indicated that an appreciable amount of phytochemical including alkaloid, saponin, phenolic compound, flavonoid, tannin, steroid, terpenoid, glycoside, carbohydrate, protein and amino acid were observed in the different parts of five selected ethnomedicinal plants. It has been confirmed that the amount of aqueous extract showed maximum phytochemical than methanol extract. The aqueous extract was the best solvent for extraction of including alkaloid, protein amino acid and carbohydrate; whereas methanol extract was the best solvent for phenolic compounds, flavonoid and Tannins, terpenoid, steroid fat and oil. The roots and seeds of the selected plants for the present study showed good sources of carbohydrate; whereas the highest percentage of protein was observed in the leaves and seeds of the plants. The leaves of the plants are the rich sources of phenolic compound, flavonoid and tannin than other parts. The concentration of alkaloids was higher in the seeds and fruits. This present observation shows that these plants belong to the richest sources of calcium ranging from (1840–17360 mg/Kg) and sodium ranging from (504-2480 mg/Kg). The leaves and roots were indicated the richest sources of calcium; whereas most parts of solanum surrattense and Maringa oleifera are also rich sources of calcium. But sodium will be beneficial to consumers because of high values. Iron content ranging from (10.98–1115.2 mg/Kg) and potassium content ranging from (866- 1361 mg/kg) were investigated while Achyranthes aspera richest sources of iron and potassium. Zinc is the second most abundant trace element in the body in all the selected plants which show good sources of zinc. Ricinus communis is a good source of copper. The roots and seeds of some plants showed good sources of manganese. Cadmium, lead and cobalt were showed around permissible limit in the most parts of the plants.It is beneficial for the VII consumers because of high toxic. The significant content of antioxidant ranging from (0.13–0.66 %) was observed.The higher concentration of antioxidant content in the leave and flower in the most of the selected plants are the richest sources of antioxidant possessing phenolic compound, flavonoid and tannin.Antibacterial activity including the Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aurous were found to be most sensitive while Klebsiella pneumonia least sensitive in the present study. The growth of bacillus cereus is inhibited by the different parts of the selected plants. The inhibition zone is found between the ranges of (0.0- 28mm) against Escherichia Coli. The maximum inhibition zone was observed against Escherichia coli by the flowers parts in the most of the selected plants. The growth of bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aurous is inhibited zone is foundbetween the ranges of(0.0- 22 mm) by the different parts of selected plants while the inhibition zone is found range between (0.0- 15 mm) against Klebsiella Pneumonia by the different parts of selected medicinal plants. The flower of Maringa oleifera was possessed antibacterial protein and peptide which showed highly significant against Staphylococcus Aurous, Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella Pneumonia, Pseudomonas, proteus and enterobacter. The present findings suggest that several phytochemical are likely to contribute in medicinal properties and indicate that these plants should be taken for medicinal purposes. They can cure humans from various types of diseases.