چودھری محمد علی رودولوی
افسوس ہے کہ پچھلے دنوں اردوزبان کی دوبڑی شخصیتیں بھی ہم سے جدا ہوگئی۔ ایک چودھری محمد علی رودولوی اور دوسرے عبدالمجید سالک۔
چودھری صاحب اردو کے نامور ادیب،پختہ قلم اورکہنہ مشق انشاء پرداز تھے۔ایک زمانہ میں ان کی تحریریں بڑی دلچسپی اورشوق سے پڑھی جاتی تھیں۔ زبان دانی کے ساتھ ان کی تحریر کاسب سے بڑاکمال یہ تھاکہ رکیک سے رکیک بات یا خیال کو اس اندازسے لکھتے تھے کہ ذوقِ سلیم کوگھناونی معلوم نہیں ہوتی تھی۔’’اتالیق بی بی‘‘، ’’کشکول‘‘،’’فقیر محمدعلی شاہ‘‘ان کی مشہور تصنیفات ہیں۔ ان کے علاوہ متعدد افسانے اوردوچارکتابیں بھی ان کی یادگار ہیں۔ طبعاً بڑے ہنسوڑ، زندہ دل اور شگفتہ انسان تھے۔تعلقہ دارہونے کی وجہ سے زندگی بڑے عیش وآرام میں گزری۔ آخر عمر میں خوف خداکاان پر بڑاغلبہ ہوگیا تھا، نماز توخیر پابندی سے پڑھنے ہی لگے تھے اورحج بھی کرآئے تھے مگر آخرت کے ڈر سے بے چین رہتے تھے۔ اگرچہ خاندانی طورپر امامیہ فرقہ سے تعلق رکھتے تھے لیکن تعصب ان میں نام کوبھی نہ تھا۔ اہل سنت والجماعت مسلمانوں کے ساتھ نمازانھی کے طریقے پر پڑھتے تھے۔ اس سلسلہ میں’’میرامذہب‘‘کے نام سے انھوں نے ایک کتاب بھی لکھی تھی۔خاتمہ بھی ایسا ہی اچھا ہوا۔۱۰/ستمبر کوبروزپنج شنبہ درودپڑھتے اوراﷲ کے نام کا وردکرتے کرتے جان جان آفریں کے سپرد کردی۔
الھم اغفرلہ وارحمہ۔
[اکتوبر۱۹۵۹ء]
ABSTRACT: Qazi Ayaz was one of the great scholars in the Knowledge of Hadith. He enjoys a unique status in his memory, narration and understanding of Hadith. He has vast knowledge of chains of Hadith, its transmitters, and their biographies. For acquiring this high position he always travelled to get the Hadith from its well-known experts, and used utmost care in getting the authentic chains of transmitters, so much so that he is considered an authority among the great scholars ofHadith. The methodology of Ayaz in the science of the transmission of Hadith is based upon research, accuracy and authentication ofthe text. He considers the science of transmission and narration. The origin and essence in authenticating the Hadith. He was strict in the criticism of the text of Hadith and emphasized on the narration of the Prophet’s words instead of allowing the narration of the meanings, unlike the other scholars of Hadith. Hence he held some special views, due to his long experience in Hadith. Some of his views are about: The comparison with the original hearing. The appropriate age while transmitting Hadith toothers. The omitting ofrepeated words in Hadith. The usage of the marks of dialect in the text ofHadith. The permission in narration ofthose Hadith about which he himselfdoes not have permission
This dissertation has been conducted with objective to investigate the various leadership characteristics of Transformational and Transactional Leadership and then to empirically analyze the effect of each type of leadership on the organizational performance. This study considers a sample of 800 respondents has been interviewed to collect the required information.The sample includes employees at tactical and operational management in corporate sector. Factor analysis which has been applied to determine the key characteristics of each type of leadership, thereafter the OLS estimation has been applied to test the hypotheses of the study. I have taken only two factors i.e. Transformational and traditional and the relevant ten characteristics of the leadership. Once the Characteristics of Leaderships are determined, then effect of Leadership on Organizational Performance has estimated via saving the factor score of each factor i.e. Transformational and Transactional.The study concludes that the Charismatic Action, Intellectual Stimulation, Inspiration Motivation, Encouragement for High Morale characteristics of Transformational Leadership has significant positive effect on the Organizational Performance. In regard of the Transformational Leadership the further concludes that the Individual Consideration act of Transformational Leadership does not has significant effect on the Organizational Performance. The study concludes about the Transactional Leadership that the Pay for performance and Performance Rating based act of Transactional Leadership has significant negative effect on the Organizational Performance. Interestingly, the Active Management by Exception act of Transactional Leadership has significant positive effect on the Organizational Performance. The study also concludes that thePassive Management by Exception act of Leadership, Encouragement for Recognition act of Leadership does not have significant effect on organizational performance. A final conclusion based on the empirical analysis is that Transformational Leadership has significant positive effect on Organizational Performance, whereas, the Transactional Leadership has significant negative effect on the organizational Leadership. Key Words: Pay for performance (P), Intellectual Stimulation (IS), Active Management by Exception (AME), Charismatic Action (CA), Perform Rating, (PR), Individual Consideration, (IC), Inspiration Motivation (IM.