فرزند مولانا حبیب الرحمن خان شروانی
ماہ گزشتہ میں ہماری مجلس کے دو محترم ارکان بلکہ اساطین کو ’’وداعِ عزیز‘‘ کے دو جانگزا صدمے برداشت کرنے پڑے، مولانا حبیب الرحمن خان شروانی کو اپنے ’’محبوب‘‘ فرزند کی مفارقت دائمی کا داغ اٹھانا پڑا اور حسام الملک نواب سید علی حسن خان کو اپنے برادر بزگوار نظام الملک نواب سید نورالحسن خان کی دائمی جدائی کا غم سہنا پڑا، یہ دونوں بزرگوار ہماری مجلس کے دست و بازو ہیں، ان کا صدمات سے دو چار ہونا ہمارے لئے لازمۂ غم اور داعیۂ ماتم ہے،
لایحزن اﷲ ’’الحبیب‘‘ فانّنی
لآخذ من حالاتہ بنصیب
مرنے والوں کے لئے دعائے مغفرت انسان کے غم کا علاج نہیں، لیکن اس کی روحانی تشفی کا باعث ہے، اللھم الحقھما بالرفیق الاعلے۔ (سید سليمان ندوی’، نومبر ۱۹۱۷ء)
Islam lays great emphasis on security and the sanctity of human life. The holy Quran terms killing of an innocent person as killing of the whole humanity. It prohibits unjust killing of human being in unequivocal terms. The holy Qur’an and Sunnah terms killing of an innocent person as one of the greatest sins. An eternal torment is the destiny of a killer who takes life of a person unjustly. However, it is also a bitter fact that hardly a crime free society could be found anywhere in the world. Peace prevails only in those societies where culprits are brought to justice. This is why Islamic penal code has prescribed punishments for all kinds of crimes. It has prescribed punishment of Qisâs in case of intentional murder and Diyat (blood money in case of killing of a person by mistake, it is also due in case if remission is made by the heirs in intentional murder case). To prove the crime of murder, testimony of two reliable witnesses or confession of the killer is required before the court. However, if a corpse is found in a place where killer is unknown and witnesses are unavailable, then Islam enjoins the process of Qasâmah to safeguard rights of the heirs of the deceased. Qasâmah is a process of taking oath by fifty persons selected by the heirs of the slain. In this article the concept of Qasâmah has been elaborated. It has three parts , in the first part conditions for the validity of Qasâmah has been elaborated, while in the second part its process has been discussed with elaborate opinions of jurists regarding taking of oath, as some of them opine that the heirs of the slain have to take oath, mentioning name of the killer, while others say oath will be taken by the defendants that they didn’t kill him, Both these opinions have been discussed by producing arguments of the both sides. While in the third part the issue of Qisâs and Diyat has been discussed as according to some jurists the Qasâmah entails Qisâs while other say that it entails Diyat only; arguments of both sides have been discussed in detail.
Among pulses, pea is an important legume crop which is not only the major source of proteins but also provide significant amount of carbohydrates, minerals and vitamin B complex. The current research work was planned to study genetic diversity among available pea germplasm and to evaluate inheritance pattern controlling seed yield related traits in Pisum sativum L. For this purpose 99 pea genotypes were field evaluated following RCBD replicated thrice. Data were taken for seed yield and its related traits. All the studied parameters showed significant amount of variation among genotypes. The cluster analysis classified 99 pea accessions into three clusters on the basis of genetic diversity of seed yield and its related traits. Eight accessions namely 19605, 20202, 26710, 20300, 19716, 20126, 26701 and 20153 were selected from cluster I and III for hybridization. Selected genotypes were crossed in 8×8 half diallel fashion excluding reciprocals to study the inheritance patterns for yield and quality traits. Twenty eight F1 crosses and parents were field evaluated during winter season 2015-2016 while F2 of all crosses was evaluated during winter season 2016-2017. Analysis of variance displayed significant amount of variation for all the studied parameters in both generations. The accession 20126 was good general combiner for number of branches per plant, biological yield, carotenoids contents and seed yield per plant in F1 generation while the accession 20153 was good general combiner for pod length, hundred fresh seed weight, hundred dry seed weight, harvest index and seed yield per plant in F2 generation. The cross combination 20202 × 26710 was good combination for pod length, pod width and seed yield per plant in F1 generation while the cross combination 19605 × 20202 was found best combination for seed yield per plant in F2 generation due to maximum significant and positive specific combining ability effects for seed yield per plant. The cross combination 20202 × 26710 showed maximum mid parent as well as better parent heterotic effects for pod length and seed yield per plant in F1 generation. The correlation analysis in F2 generation showed that number of branches per plant, pod length, biological yield and harvest index was significantly and positively correlated with seed yield per plant in Pisum sativum L. The cross combination 20202 × 26710 may be used as hybrid due to its higher specific combining ability variance and heterotic effects for seed yield per plant. Presence of non additive effects advocated the importance of heterosis breeding for development of high yielding varieties in pea.