محدثين كے ہاں قراء ثلاثہ كا مقام و مرتبہ اور علم حديث ميں ان كى خدمات

Allah Himself has taken the responsibility to protect the Holy Quran and the Hadith of the Holy Prophet. He Himself has provided the sources of their protection. One of the means of the protection that was the creation of such a group of the Qura who not only served the Holy Quran but also provided worth mentioning services in Ahadith of the Holy Prophet. But their services are hidden from us. By Qura the researcher means those Qura whose recitation styles and narrations are studied and taught in the different quarters of the world who are known as Qura Saba & Ashra (سبعہ وعشرہ). They are ten imams each with two Ravi’s. They are thirty Qura in total. I have selected only last three Imam & their two narrators in this Article. These Qurra are known as Qurra Thlathah (قراء ثلاثہ).  The services of these imams have been highlighted in the light of the following eleven Ahadith books. Sihah:   Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sahih Ibn-e-Habban, Sahih Ibn-e-Khuzeema. Sunan: Sunan Abu Dawud, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Nasai, Sunan Ibn Majah, and Sunan al-Kubra. Masaneed: Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Musnad Abu Ya`la al-Mawsili. How many people have reported them and what is the standard of the weakness and soundness of those narrators have also been discussed in this article. Besides these books of Ahadith, these Ahadith have been searched in other books of Ahadith also. The status of these Qura has been explained in the light of the commentary of Muhadithin. Whether Ahadith critics have declared them thiqa or weak or have declared them as average sadooq. The most important thing is that there is no one weak reporter in these imam qura. Two out of three imam qura are ranked as thiqa and one sadooq. And among the narrators of these qura one is thiqa, one sadooq, and nobody are weak reporters. There is silence about the remaining four reporters of these qura. The reason is that there is no hadith reported from them. Because of all this their religious and scholarly authenticity could be determined. The narrations of these thalathah (ثلاثہ) Qura are confined to reporting the Holy Quran but they have also reported about every part of fiqh and they have been utilized and refered to  

Relationship Between Tensile Strength of Yarn and Woven Fabric

A detailed experimental work was carried out to find the relationship between the tensile strength of woven fabrics and the constituent yarns. One thousand and eighty fabric samples were constructed on a projectile weaving machine from 100 % cotton and polyester/cotton yarns having a blend ratio of 52:48 with yarn linear densities of 20, 25, 30 and 15, 20, 25 tex respectively. Tensile strength and other quality parameters of fabric samples and constituent yarns were measured as per standard test methods. The obtained values were analyzed to find the effect of yarn material, yarn linear density, ‘warp and filling count’ and design on the tensile strength of fabric. The selected parameters of yarn and fabric were found to have the significant effect on the tensile strength of fabric. The manufactured samples were divided into four groups according to the yarn material used in warp and weft directions. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out by using MINITAB software to develop the relationship in both warp and weft directions for each group as well as generalized relationship for all of the fabric samples. Statistical adequacy analysis and validation of the developed relationships show a strong ability and accuracy to predict the fabric tensile strength from yarn properties and fabric construction and to determine the yarn tensile strength for a predefined tensile strength of fabric. The warp density and warp yarn strength were found to be the most dominant parameters in case of warp-way fabric strength where as the weft density and weft yarn strength were found as the most prominent parameters in case of weft-way fabric strength. Contribution of selected parameters relative to each other for fabric tensile strength was also investigated and presented in the form of a pie diagram. The developed relationships can be used accurately within the specified limits of selected variables.