حدیث کے انسائیکلوپیڈیا اور ان کا تعارف

Since the inception of the ancient era, it has been the utmost trial of scholars related to every field of knowledge that they could save the knowledge of various fields. For meeting the purpose of saving, different tasks had been done in different periods, but, the most appreciating one is the preparation of an encyclopedia. In every era, different encyclopedias of different arts have been designed. Although the processes in Islamic studies remained to continue and various encyclopedias in the Islamic studies were prepared in which the encyclopedia of hadith is the most popular. Therefore, the compilation of hadith has begun from the 3rd Islamic century and a large number of muhadiseen have rendered their best services in this field and represented Hadith and books related to all arts, but, along with that a very important task was to assemble all books of Hadith at one place so that no one may get in trouble to find the Hadith, but it was a hard nut to crack that is why Allah has chosen such scholars who have compiled all the Hadith with their untiring efforts out of them the topmost in the list are: Jama-al-Joma, Kanzal-al-Amal, Almusand-al-Jamia, Mosoaa, Jamiat-ul-ahadees-al-zaeefa wal-mozooat, and almudavina-tul-Jamia are included.

Development of Competency Based Model for Teaching of English at B. Ed. Level

Thesis Title: Development of Competency Based Model for Teaching English at B.Ed. Level This research was planned to develop a competency based model to teach English at B.Ed. level. It also aimed to explore 1) the extent to which the teaching of English in Government Colleges for Elementary teachers (GCETs) of Punjab was competency based 2) Student’s attitude towards competency based teaching of English or competency based teaching methods 3) the level of student’s interest in competency based teaching learning process 4) the impact of such demographic variables as gender, professional qualification, teaching experience and area of locality on the use of competency teaching methods. The study of the impact of demographic variables (gender, professional qualification, teaching experience, area of locality) was undertaken to explore the deficiencies caused by them so that steps for improvement could be suggested. The model development process had been completed with the help of review of literature and findings of the study. The researcher had based her approach on a combination of competency based teaching approaches specifically those of Richards (1985), Norton (1987), Joyce (1992) and Sahur & Gupta (1994). The design of research was quantitative descriptive research. The developed competency based model would thus help the teachers to improve their teaching learning process (particularly to teach the subject of English). The developed model thus had been purpose-based and the study had been significant in enhancing the pedagogical skills of language teacher trainers who would in turn impart these skills to future school teachers. The ultimate benefit would thus go to the students (from primary to secondary school level).