مرزا نیاز احمد بیگ
افسوس ہے کہ ۷؍ فروری کو دارالمصنفین کے ایک قدیم رکن مرزا نیاز احمد بیگ بھی رحلت فرماگئے، وہ اعظم گڑھ کے ممتاز اور کامیاب وکیل اور شہر کے عمائد میں تھے، مولانا شبلیؒ اور ان سے نسبت رکھنے والے تمام اداروں سے ان کو بڑا تعلق تھا، شبلیؒ نیشنل پوسٹ گریجویٹ کالج کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے برسوں رکن اور نائب صدر رہے، اب ان کی تمام تر توجہ دارالمصنفین کی طرف مرکوز ہوگئی تھی جس کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے وہ آخر دم تک رکن رہے، دارالمصنفین کے نازک اور بحرانی دور میں ان کے مفید قانونی مشوروں سے اس کو بڑا فائدہ پہنچا، اب وہ اپنے ایک سچے بہی خیرخواہ اور مخلص ہمدرد سے محروم ہوگیا، وہ صوم و صلوٰۃ کے ہمیشہ سے پابند رہے، حج بیت اﷲ سے بھی مشرف ہوئے، آخر عمر میں ان کی دینداری زیادہ بڑھ گئی تھی، علماء و صلحاء سے بھی تعلق رکھتے تھے، حضرت مولانا سید ابوالحسن علی ندوی سے خاص عقیدت تھی، اﷲ تعالےٰ ان کی بشری لغزشوں سے درگذر فرمائے۔ اور انھیں اپنے جوار رحمت میں جگہ دے۔
(ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، فروری ۱۹۸۸ء)
E-Commerce in today’s world is playing an important role in global business. A quantitative and quantitative research was conducted with professional members, employees working in organization which are dealing with E-Business or online working via internet and their views gave an empirical and dynamic approach to make business efficient and effective. Connectivity with market to find best manufacture for goods and for manufacture to finds its buyer for their finished goods. Flow of information become faster and gathering of data become easier to make activities of business to get optimal results. Numbers of goods are available complications to finds goods are removed by complimentary goods. Supplies of goods at proper time in order to meet demand by consumer plays win to win game. Improved methods of technology like RFID make work easier and accessible information about goods to management. Manpower in forms of labor is reducing which leads to decrease in the cost of goods. Ordering cost saves time and gives a specified time both producers to make commodity and consumer for delivery of goods. E-Commerce with contrast of components of supply chain in the form of ware house, logistics, number of listing suppliers, number of listing items on one web in the form of website on one platform give dynamic image to businesses in the race of competitive world. Business transactions done with internet not only reduce time but also make documents or records for longer time able to send data from distant parts of the world. Through websites we can get completive price information and other relevant information for goods.
The primary orientation of this thesis is to explore some interesting features of static and dynamic potentials in magnetized quantum plasmas including the dust dynamics in the presence of wave field associated with different modes. These modes may be electrostatic in nature. These investigations find significance applications in small and large scale plasmas. This thesis contains some new extensions to dust-lower-hybrid modes in quantum dusty plasmas. In chapter II, the effect of strong ambient static magnetic field on Shukla-Nambu- Salimullah (SNS) potential in a dusty quantum magnetoplasma has been investigated using quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model. The potential is significantly modified by quantum statistical effects, density inhomogeneity and dust polarization drift effect. It is found that dust polarization drift effect pre-dominates the ion polarization drift effect in high magnetic field environments. The potential around a static test charge has been plotted for different parameters in high density quantum magnetoplasmas. We have seen that for increasing values of number density and inhomogeneity scale length, the modified SNS potential decreased due to the decrease in the Fermi Debye length. Subsequently using the quantum hydrodynamic model for quantum magnetoplasmas, the Shukla–Nambu–Salimullah shielding potential and the far-field dynamical wake potential in a quantum dusty plasma with a nonuniform density and static magnetic field have been investigated in chapter III. The short-range screening potential and the long- range oscillatory wake potential are found to be significantly affected by the nonuniformities in the density and the static magnetic field. It is seen that SNS and oscillatory wake potentials increases with the increase of external magnetic field and for increasing values of number density and inhomogeneity scale length, the amplitude and effective length of wake potential decreased. The far-field oscillatory wake-field potential can explain attraction among the same polarity charges leading to the possible ordered structures or coagulation in the inhomogeneous quantum dusty magnetoplasma. Finally in chapter IV, the dispersion relation of the dust-lower-hybrid wave has been derived using the quantum hydrodynamic model of plasmas in an ultracold Fermi dusty plasma in the presence of a uniform external magnetic field. The dust dynamics, electron Fermi temperature and the quantum correction give rise to significant effects on the dust-lower-hybrid wave of the magnetized quantum dusty plasmas. Numerically it is found that frequency of the quantum dust-lower-hybrid wave increases with increasing wavenumber and with the increase of magnetic field at the small angle of propagation. The summary and conclusions are in the end of the thesis.