بھانویں خواب اندر اوہ آگئے
ہک وار تاں من پرچا گئے
پا سرمہ نین نشیلیاں وچ
نیناں دے تیر چلا گئے
توں لبھناں ایں پھل بہاراں دے
ساڈے اگلے وی کُرما گئے
اساں رو رو حال سناندے رہے
اوہ چپ دے جندرے لا گئے
ساڈے کولوں آ کے ٹر گئے
تارے چٹے دینہہ وکھا گئے
سُن ناں کرونا وائرس دا
لوکی حجریاں وچ سما گئے
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widespread organism, caused severe nosocomial infection in human and associated with multiple drug resistance (MDR)Objective: The present study was carried out to observe current antimicrobial resistant pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Lahore and to detect the Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) gene in carbapenem resistantPseudomonas aeruginosaMethods: By screening 360 samples total 123 Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified by standard microbiology techniques such as microscopy and biochemical testing. The isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated for drug resistance by disc diffusion method and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to identify the carbapenem resistance causing gene (bla-VIM and bla-IMP) Results: Following antibiotic resistant pattern was observed, Gentamycin (59.00%), Ceftazidime(58.7%), Ceftriaxone (58.00%), Cefotazime (57.0%) and Ciprofloxacin (55.00%). Resistance rates to carbapenem group of antibiotics is Doripenem (30.5%) Meropenem(31.0%) and Imipenem (28.0%). Out of 123 samples of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 28 isolates were found resistant to carbapenem group of antibiotic which was supposed to be highly sensitive for this bacterium. Molecular based identification of resistance genes showed that bla-IMP gene was present in 32.1% (09) and bla-VIM was found positive in 17.8% (04) samples. Metallo-beta-lactamasesproducing genes (bla-VIM and bla-IMP), amongcarbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detectedin 28.1% of samples. If other carbapenem resistant gene were also included this number might be higherConclusions: PCRbased test should be included in routine laboratory examination for quick detection of the resistancecausing genes.
This study was designed to analyze the role of females in rural area of Tehsil Faisalabad regarding the home management and agricultural development. The area was selected under the purposive sampling and 8 villages were selected using the proportionate random sampling. The sample size (384 respondent farm families) was determined keeping in view the rural population of the area. Total respondents were 384 husbands and 384 wives. Thus the total size of sample was 768 respondents. Pre-tested interview schedule was administered. The data were subjected to analysis to obtain the descriptive statistics. Average literacy rate of husbands was higher than their wives (74.74%). The husband’s average age was higher (45.9 year) than wives (41.23 years). Most of the rural families desire to live in combined family structure. Rural women remained involved in household chores which include food preparation, washing clothes, house keeping and washing utensils. In childcare activities was lower as compared to other household chores (74.7%). Regarding outdoor activities rural women remained involved actively in crop production, vegetable production, livestock production and post harvest activities. The major source of information of rural women related to home management and agriculture development were neighborers. Medium to high level of competency was identified among rural women in different roles. About 75% wives agreed that formal and vocational education is necessary for development of female in rural area. It was concluded that educational status of women in rural area must be enhanced with measures taken to join in social matters. Training/workshops should be arranged for the rural women with the purpose to educate them regarding household management and agricultural development.