اسلامی نظام اقتصاد کی اخلاقیات تجارت ومعیشت میں دینی و اخلاقی اقدار کی اہمیت کے حوالے سے علمی و تحقیقی جائزہ

Islam is a holistic and comprehensive system of life because the Creator of universe has given the instructions that are eternal and are perfect guide for humanity in all ages and circumstances. Islamic teachings are consistent with the comprehensive nature. Those instructions that human being has given for all walks of life in that the elements of morality is distinct and dominant and prohibited every act that is harmful to others. This fact is quite clear that the moral aspect of Islam is so important to consider the ethics of Islam has taken into consideration and there is no command to be out of the realm of ethics and particularly matters of life which is part of religion and are important aspect of society. Islamic teachings are so clear that there is no example of it in any economic system the world. Today we have different economic systems in the world which essentially teach us that the purpose of human life is to make money and collect goods even if affects the lives of others. But in Islamic economic world it is emphasized that this world is not the original house and satisfactory zone of human being and his purpose is not to collect wealth but the worship of Almighty. Human being is gifted fair system of order in every aspect of which there is clearly ethics thus human is strictly prohibited to collect money through unfair means and in cruel manners. In this article we will discuss the ethical consideration of Islamic economical system. So it is quite clear that the guarantor of peace, love and harmony in the world is Islamic system.

Post Mastectomy Radiotherapy in Ca Breast a Comparison of Three Protocols

This trial was designed to compare three hypofractionated protocols in postmastectomy cancinoma breast in terms of local control, toxicity & work load. A total of three hundred patients suffering from ca breast stage T2-4 , N any, M0 were randomized into three arms after mastectomy. All the patients were treated with four fields on Co60 i.e. two tangential portals for chest wall, one anterior supraclavicular & axillary field & a posterior axillary boost and were randomized into three arms i.e. 2700 CGy in 5 fractions (one week) arm A, 3500 CGy in 10 fractions (2 weeks) arm B and 4000 CGy in 15 fractions (3 weeks) arm C. Skin, cardiac, pulmonary and hematological toxicities & lymphedema were compared in addition to local control and work load. The locoregional relapses were 11%, 12% and 10% in arms A, B & C respectively. 26%, 24% & 28% patients developed metastatic disease and 17%, 18% & 20% died in the three arms. G3 & G4 skin toxicities were 37%, 28% & 14%. G2 and G3 lymphedema was 21%, 22% & 27%. Cardiac toxicity was 5%, 6% & 5% while pulmonary toxicity was 4%, 5% & 5% respectively. All the differences except skin toxicity were statistically insignificant. There were no cases of hematological depression or rib fractures. All the three short protocols were equally effective in locoregional disease control and toxicity was also comparable. They were helpful in reducing the work load and can be safely recommended for routine clinical use.