ﷺ
ناموسِ گدائی نہ گنوا ، اور بھی کچھ مانگ
’’اب تنگیِ داماں پہ نہ جا اور بھی کچھ مانگ‘‘
بے پایاں ہے اُس در کی عطائوں کا تسلسل
بے مثل ہے اُس در کی سخا ، اور بھی کچھ مانگ
دریائے سخاوت ہے رواں روزِ ازل سے
رکتی ہی نہیں موجِ عطا ؛ اور بھی کچھ مانگ
خود دستِ عطا بڑھتا ہے محتاج کی جانب
اس شان کا آقاؐ ہے ترا اور بھی کچھ مانگ
اسباب کی دنیا کو کیا ایسا مسخّر
صحراؤں نے قلزم سے کہا ’’اور بھی کچھ مانگ‘‘
محدود ہے صحراؤں کی وسعت؛ نہیں محدود
اُس رحمت عالمؐ کی گھٹا ؛ اور بھی کچھ مانگ
جس شمعِ حرمؐ نے کیا دنیا میں اُجالا
دل کے لئے لے اُس سے ضیا اور بھی کچھ مانگ
خالق کی عطاؤں سے عطاؤں کے وہ قاسمؐ
خالق کی عطا ؛ اُنؐ کی عطا ؛ اور بھی کچھ مانگ
ہر بار صدا آتی ہے دربارِ سخا سے
عرفانؔ! لگا اور صدا ، اور بھی کچھ مانگ!
Freedom of Expression: A Comparative Study from Islamic & Western Perspective Living on the earth is all about freedom and as we know that the first man on the earth Adam was sent on the earth with the freedom to worship only to Allah. This freedom is a blessing of Allah and the value of it would only be judged in the era of slavery. It is an ultimate principle in Islam that the total submission is to be Allah alone. Thus, a man would never be a slave of any other person and whenever they become a slave to any other authority they are treated inhumanly. Allah (SW) made this glorious world for human beings and granted them the status of Ashraf ul Makhlūq. Human has such value which can be testified by this reason that everything is tightened to them and the world is only created for them. But human can only be benefited from the world till they are better for them and others, living friendly and create atmosphere of peace. So, till the end they will be benefited and blessed. They will also be in peace and freedom if they take care and have the respect for humanity. As man is a social animal and doesn’t live without his community. Sometimes due to controversy in thinking and other routes fall in conflicts, for which a proper law is administered. The differences in views are not forbidden. It is important, not to cross limits and to create peaceful atmosphere in order to rest humanity in peace and make the world peaceful. This article deals with the comparison of Islamic freedom of expression and the modern Western criterion of freedom of speech. The study concludes that the Islamic and western thought on freedom is different from each other. In this study comparative and critical approach is adopted.
Nitrogen glow discharge plasma is generated by number of power sources and has many applications in material processing such as Nitriding of different metal alloys. The material processing efficiency of the plasma may be enhanced by optimizing the related parameters of the discharge. The concentration of the active nitrogen species in the plasma may depend on various operating conditions such as input power of the discharge, pressure and gas flow rate etc. In order to improve the various excitation and ionization processes occurring in the plasma for the generation of active species, one way is to mix some inert gas in the nitrogen plasma. In the present study the diagnostics of Pulsed-dc generated nitrogen-methane-hydrogen mixture plasma is carried out to analyze the optimum working conditions for its application. Spectroscopic measurements of hydrogen Balmer-β and Balmer-γ line profiles are performed in an abnormal glow region of Pulsed-dc sustained nitrogen-hydrogen- methane plasma for investigating dependencies of their line shapes and intensities on discharge parameters. The excitation temperature Te is determined from Ar-I emission line intensities by using Boltzmann’s plot method of Balmer lines is found to be increased with methane mixing in nitrogen plasma. The electron density is extracted from Stark broadening (FWHM) of the Hβ emission profile. It is found that both the emission intensity and the broadening of the Balmer-β and Balmer-γ lines show significant dependence on the filling pressure in the same manner. However, both the emission intensity and broadening of Hβ line exhibit weak dependence on input power in contrast to the Hγ emission line. The concentration of active species N 2 (C 3 P u ) + + and N 2 ( B 2 S u ) are monitored in terms of the emission intensities of nitrogen bands of the second positive and the first negative systems respectively. The concentration of N 2 (C 3 P u ) active species is appreciably enhanced by methane mixing signifying the role of argon meta-stables in the excitation and dissociation processes. The effect of mixing of methane-hydrogen is studied on the surface nitriding os AISI-304 stainless steel substrate at temperature of 500 0C generated by 50 Hz pulsing source at powers of 300 and 500 watt and filling pressure of 1, 3, 5 mbar at different treated times 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours. The samples are then analyzed for plasma induced changes in their surface properties by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Vicker’s micro hardness testing. The XRD pattern confirms the formation of expanded austenite phase (γN) resulted by the incorporation of nitrogen as interstitial solid solution in the iron lattice. The EDX spectra show peaks corresponding to elements that are present in the surface of the substrate. It can be noticed that no additional peak corresponding to any impurity element, other than nitrogen, which is supposed to be present owing to nitrogen incorporation in the iron lattice is found in EDX spectra. The effect of ion etching is apparent from the SEM micrograph, which is normally expected during the nitriding process. All the nitrided samples show an increase in surface hardness as compared to that of untreated one. It is revealed that the surface hardness increase significantly with increasing nitriding time. Based upon optical measurement reported here, plasma discharge parameters can be optimized for the production of active species, excitation temperature Te and number density.