مولانا سید فخرالدین احمد
شیخ الحدیث مولانا سید فخرالدین احمد صاحب کی وفات دینی و علمی دنیا کا بڑا حادثہ ہے، مرحوم ہندوستان کے نامور عالم دین دارلعلوم دیوبند کے شیخ الحدیث اور جمعیۃ علماء ہند کے صدر تھے، ان کی پوری زندگی دینی علوم کی خدمت میں گذری، تقریباً نصف صدی تک مدرسہ مسجد شاہی مراد آباد اور دارالعلوم دیوبند میں ان کا فیض جاری رہا، جس سے سیکڑوں تشنگان علم سیراب ہوئے، مولانا سید حسین احمد صاحب مدنی ؒ کے بعد دارالعلوم کے شیخ الحدیث کے منصب پر فائز ہوئے، درس و تدریس کے ساتھ ملک و ملت کے بھی مجاہد بھی تھے، خلافت اور ہندوستان کی آزادی کے تحریکوں میں نمایاں حصہ لیا اور قید و بند کی مصیبتیں جھیلیں، تدین و تقویٰ میں سلف صالحین کا نمونہ تھے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کے مدارج بلند فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، اپریل ۱۹۷۲ء)
The word corruption is very comprehensive. It is the synonym of bribery, demoralization, sinfulness, wickedness, impurity, dishonesty, fraud, falsehood, embezzlement, illegal and criminal, etc. Currently in pakistan government & private sectors, high rank government employees, bureaucracy and political institutions, are involved in different kinds of corruption. Consequently, the economy of the courntry has been effected extremly. Therefore, there is no peace in the counrtry. CALVIN COOLIDGE said in his speech, in 1923: "Economy is always a guarantee of peace". (1) In this research article it would be searched that how the corruption in the country could be eradicated, in the light of Islamic teachings. So that the economy of the the country can make progress smoothly and easily.
Low available zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentrations in about 50% of the global land resulted in Zn and Fe deficiency of cereal grains. Nitrogen (N) fertilization not only increase the wheat grain yield but also facilitate the uptake of Fe and Zn in wheat grain. Improving N availability to plants brings significant increase in shoot Fe content and uptake and accumulation of Zn in wheat plants. Thus, an experiment was conducted at the Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Noweshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2014-15 and 2015-16 to study the response of wheat to N, Zn and Fe (micro-nutrients, MN) application. Treatments included three levels of N (90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1), three concentrations of Zn and Fe (i.e. 1, 2, 3 kg ha-1) each along with two controls i.e. no micro nutrients no water (unsprayed check) and no micro nutrients + water (sprayed check). The N was soil applied and MN was applied as foliar spray at booting stage. The experiment was arranged in RCBD, with four replications. Days to anthesis, leaf area tiller-1, leaf area index, plant height, days to physiological maturity, spike m-2, grains spike-1, thousand-grains weight, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, grain Zn-concentration, grain Fe-concentration, grain protein content, grain gluten content were significantly increased by both N and Zn while the same parameters except days to anthesis, days to physiological maturity and spike m-2 were also significantly enhanced by using Zn. The use of Zn (3 kg ha-1) and Fe (1 kg ha-1) with 120 kg ha-1 of N significantly improved the grain yield (34.6%) of wheat over unsprayed check. The use of Zn and Fe at the rate of 3 kg ha-1 each with 150 kg ha-1 of N improved the grain quality parameters i.e. grain protein (24.5%), grain gluten (23%) and Fe content (29%) of wheat grains over unsprayed check. Application of Zn and Fe at the rate of 3 and 1 kg ha-1, respectively with 150 kg ha-1 of N resulted in increased grain Zn concentration (58%) of wheat over unsprayed check. It was concluded that wheat grain yield can be enhanced by using nitrogen at the rate of 120 kg ha-1 with Zn and Fe at the rate of 3 and 1 kg ha-1, respectively. The same combination also proved to be cost effective as compared to other treatments studied. However, quality wheat grains can be produced by applying Zn and Fe at the rate of 3 kg ha-1 each with 150 kg ha-1 nitrogen.