سکھ دھرم پر اسلامی تعلیمات کے اثرات کا علمی جائزہ

Sikhism is one of the Non Semitic religions founded by Guru Nanak, belonged to a Hindu family and was born in 1469 A.D. This religion is popular in India and Pakistan. Some inhuman customs in Hinduism like caste system, the custom of Satty (burning out of wife with the dead body of husband), monopoly of Brāchman etc. Compelled him to introduce a new religion based on equality and justice. As identified from the life style of the founder of Sikhism and his followers, he is deeply impressed with Islamic teachings. Their habits and customs reflect an Islamic picture. Guru Nanak was a monotheist and was against the worship of idols. He believed in equality and acknowledged the prophet Muhammad (S.A.W), as a role model for human beings. This article is aiming to explain the teachings of Sikhism derived from Islam.

Comparative Study of Students? Achievement in Schools With Head Teachers of Different Leadership Styles

Leadership plays vital role in any organization to achieve the main objectives of the organization. In schools, all the activities are arranged by a leader to achieve the maximum level of students? achievement. A better leadership style basically improves theemployees? performance that results to increase students? learning. To achieve the main goals of any educational institution, different leadership styles are practiced like democratic, autocratic and laissez faire leadership style etc. This study is targeted to evaluate the comparative students? achievements in District Lodhran under headship of different leadership styles. This is a comparative study in nature inwhich two dimensions of leadership styles have been selected by reviewing the available literature. All the secondary schools Girls/Boys in district Lodhran are the population of the study. A sample of 75 male and female heads has been selected by using convenience sampling technique. This research has adopted the questionnaire as a tool for data collection from the heads of secondary schools. After collecting the data, the responses have been logged in SPSS software for analyzing the quantitative results of selected variable in the research model. Research analysis has shown that there is difference in the leadership style of male and female head teachers. Female head teachers are more democratic than male head teachers. Students? achievement is different under democratic leadership style and autocratic leadership style. The academic achievement of students under democratic leadership style is higher than that of autocratic leadership style. This study recommends that democratic leadership style should be practiced in the educational institutions. The head teachers should be trained so that they may treat teaching and non-teaching staff democratically to achieve maximum goals of the organization.